<month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<030xx> <January 2003> Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) Submission Title: [TG4 Review] Date Submitted: [15 January 2003] Source: [Pat Kinney] Company [Kinney Consulting] Address [4097 Manor Oaks Ct, Export, PA, 15632] Voice:[724-733-8650], FAX: [724-733-8650], E-Mail:[pat.kinney@ieee.org] Re: [In response to the UWB call for interest.] Abstract: [Overview of IEEE 802.15.4.] Purpose: [To provide an informative TG4 baseline to the UWB call for interest.] Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P802.15. <Pat Kinney>, <Kinney Consulting> <author>, <company>

IEEE 802.15.4 Overview <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<030xx> <January 2003> IEEE 802.15.4 Overview <Pat Kinney>, <Kinney Consulting> <author>, <company>

802.15.4 Applications Space Home Networking Automotive Networks <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<030xx> <January 2003> 802.15.4 Applications Space Home Networking Automotive Networks Industrial Networks Interactive Toys Remote Metering <Pat Kinney>, <Kinney Consulting> <author>, <company>

802.15.4 Applications Topology <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<030xx> <January 2003> 802.15.4 Applications Topology Cable replacement - Last meter connectivity Virtual Wire Wireless Hub Stick-On Sensor Mobility Ease of installation <Pat Kinney>, <Kinney Consulting> <author>, <company>

Some needs in the sensor networks <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<030xx> <January 2003> Some needs in the sensor networks Thousands of sensors in a small space  Wireless but wireless implies Low Power! and low power implies Limited Range. Of course all of these is viable is a Low Cost transceiver is required <Pat Kinney>, <Kinney Consulting> <author>, <company>

802.15.4 General Characteristics <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<030xx> 802.15.4 General Characteristics <January 2003> Data rates of 250, 40, and 20 kbps. Star or Peer-to-Peer operation. Support for low latency devices. CSMA-CA channel access. Dynamic device addressing. Fully handshaked protocol for transfer reliability. Low power consumption. 16 channels in the 2.4GHz ISM band, 10 channels in the 915MHz ISM band and one channel in the European 868MHz band. Extremely low duty-cycle (<0.1%) <Pat Kinney>, <Kinney Consulting> <author>, <company>

802.15.4 Architecture <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<030xx> <January 2003> 802.15.4 Architecture <Pat Kinney>, <Kinney Consulting> <author>, <company>

doc.: IEEE 802.15-<030xx> Paul Gorday <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<030xx> <January 2003> IEEE 802.15.4 PHY Overview Paul Gorday <Pat Kinney>, <Kinney Consulting> <author>, <company>

Operating Frequency Bands <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<030xx> <January 2003> IEEE 802.15.4 PHY Overview Operating Frequency Bands 868MHz/ 915MHz PHY Channel 0 Channels 1-10 2 MHz 868.3 MHz 902 MHz 928 MHz 2.4 GHz PHY Channels 11-26 5 MHz 2.4 GHz 2.4835 GHz <Pat Kinney>, <Kinney Consulting> <author>, <company>

Packet Structure (Both PHY’s) <January 2003> IEEE 802.15.4 PHY Overview Packet Structure (Both PHY’s) PHY Packet Fields Preamble (32 bits) – synchronization Start of Packet Delimiter (8 bits) – specifies one of 3 packet types PHY Header (8 bits) – Sync Burst flag, PSDU length PSDU (0 to 127 bytes) – Data field Start of Packet Delimiter PHY Header PHY Service Data Unit (PSDU) Preamble 6 Bytes 0-127 Bytes <Pat Kinney>, <Kinney Consulting>

Modulation/Spreading <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<030xx> <January 2003> IEEE 802.15.4 PHY Overview Modulation/Spreading 2.4 GHz PHY 250 kbps (4 bits/symbol, 62.5 kBaud) Data modulation is 16-ary orthogonal modulation 16 symbols are ~orthogonal set of 32-chip PN codes Chip modulation is MSK at 2.0 Mchips/s 868MHz/915MHz PHY 40/20 kbps (1 bit/symbol, 40/20 kBaud) Data modulation is BPSK with differential encoding Spreading code is a 15-chip m-sequence Chip modulation is BPSK at 0.6/0.3 Mchips/s <Pat Kinney>, <Kinney Consulting> <author>, <company>

IEEE 802.15.4 PHY Overview Common Parameters Transmit Power <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<030xx> <January 2003> IEEE 802.15.4 PHY Overview Common Parameters Transmit Power Capable of at least –3dBm Transmit Center Frequency Tolerance  40 ppm Receiver Sensitivity -85 dBm (1% Packet Error Rate) RSSI Measurements Packet strength indication Clear channel assessment Dynamic channel selection <Pat Kinney>, <Kinney Consulting> <author>, <company>

IEEE 802.15.4 PHY Overview PHY Primitives PHY Data Service <January 2003> IEEE 802.15.4 PHY Overview PHY Primitives PHY Data Service PD-DATA – exchange data packets between MAC and PHY PHY Management Service PLME-CCA – clear channel assessment PLME-GET – retrieve PHY parameters PLME-RX-ENABLE – enable/disable receiver PLME-SET – set PHY parameters <Pat Kinney>, <Kinney Consulting>

doc.: IEEE 802.15-<030xx> Phil Jamieson <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<030xx> <January 2003> IEEE 802.15.4 MAC/LLC Overview Phil Jamieson <Pat Kinney>, <Kinney Consulting> <author>, <company>

Simple but flexible protocol <January 2003> Protocol Drivers Extremely low cost Ease of installation Reliable data transfer Short range operation Reasonable battery life Simple but flexible protocol <Pat Kinney>, <Kinney Consulting>

Example Network Network Node 4 coordinator Node 1 Node 5 Node 2 Node 6 <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<030xx> <January 2003> Example Network Network coordinator Node 4 Node 1 Node 5 An example network topology in the area of home (living room) control. A set-top-box is acting as the master with a remote, TV, DVD, lamp and curtains enumerated on the network. This has no functionality since the slaves can only talk to the master. What the consumer actually wants is to be able to control the TV, DVD, lamp and curtains using the remote. In this case there needs to be some virtual peer-to-peer links between the remote and the other devices on the network. The mechanism of creating these links is known as pairing. Node 2 Node 6 Node 3 <Pat Kinney>, <Kinney Consulting> <author>, <company>

Device Classes Full function device (FFD) <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<030xx> <January 2003> Device Classes Full function device (FFD) Any topology Network coordinator capable Talks to any other device Reduced function device (RFD) Limited to star topology Cannot become a network coordinator Talks only to a network coordinator Very simple implementation <Pat Kinney>, <Kinney Consulting> <author>, <company>

Example Network FFD RFD FFD RFD RFD RFD FFD <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<030xx> <January 2003> Example Network FFD RFD FFD RFD An example network topology in the area of home (living room) control. A set-top-box is acting as the master with a remote, TV, DVD, lamp and curtains enumerated on the network. This has no functionality since the slaves can only talk to the master. What the consumer actually wants is to be able to control the TV, DVD, lamp and curtains using the remote. In this case there needs to be some virtual peer-to-peer links between the remote and the other devices on the network. The mechanism of creating these links is known as pairing. RFD RFD FFD <Pat Kinney>, <Kinney Consulting> <author>, <company>

Star Topology Full function device Communications flow <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<030xx> <January 2003> Star Topology Network coordinator Master/slave Full function device Communications flow Reduced function device <Pat Kinney>, <Kinney Consulting> <author>, <company>

Peer-Peer Topology Full function device Communications flow <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<030xx> <January 2003> Peer-Peer Topology Point to point Cluster tree Full function device Communications flow <Pat Kinney>, <Kinney Consulting> <author>, <company>

Combined Topology Full function device Communications flow <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<030xx> <January 2003> Combined Topology Clustered stars - for example, cluster nodes exist between rooms of a hotel and each room has a star network for control. Full function device Communications flow Reduced function device <Pat Kinney>, <Kinney Consulting> <author>, <company>

Device Addressing All devices have IEEE addresses <January 2003> Device Addressing All devices have IEEE addresses Short addresses can be allocated Addressing modes: Network + device identifier (star) Source/destination identifier (peer-peer) Source/destination cluster tree + device identifier (cluster tree) <Pat Kinney>, <Kinney Consulting>

General Data Packet Structure <January 2003> General Data Packet Structure Preamble sequence Start of Packet Delimiter PRE SPD LEN PC ADDRESSING DSN Link Layer PDU CRC CRC-16 Data sequence number Addresses according to specified mode Flags specify addressing mode Length for decoding simplicity <Pat Kinney>, <Kinney Consulting>

Optional Frame Structure <January 2003> Optional Frame Structure GTS 3 GTS 2 Guaranteed Time Slot Reserved for nodes requiring guaranteed bandwidth [n = 0]. GTS 1 15ms * 2n where 0  n  14 Network beacon Transmitted by network coordinator. Contains network information, frame structure and notification of pending node messages. Beacon extension period Space reserved for beacon growth due to pending node messages Contention period Access by any node using CSMA-CA <Pat Kinney>, <Kinney Consulting>

Traffic Types Periodic data Intermittent data <January 2003> Traffic Types Periodic data Application defined rate (e.g. sensors) Intermittent data Application/external stimulus defined rate (e.g. light switch) Repetitive low latency data Allocation of time slots (e.g. mouse) <Pat Kinney>, <Kinney Consulting>

Data Service Originator LLC Originator MAC Recipient MAC Recipient LLC <January 2003> Data Service Originator LLC Originator MAC Recipient MAC Recipient LLC MD-DATA.request Channel access DATA MD-DATA.confirm Packet validation HANDSHAKE MD-H/S.indication MD-DATA.indication <Pat Kinney>, <Kinney Consulting>

Management Service Access to the PIB GTS allocation Message pending <January 2003> Management Service Access to the PIB GTS allocation Message pending Node notification Network scanning/start Network synchronization/search <Pat Kinney>, <Kinney Consulting>

MAC Summary Star and peer-to-peer topologies Optional frame structure <January 2003> MAC Summary Star and peer-to-peer topologies Optional frame structure CSMA-CA channel access mechanism Packet validation and message rejection Handshake generation (for speed) Optional guaranteed time slots Guaranteed packet delivery Frame fragmentation/reconstitution <Pat Kinney>, <Kinney Consulting>

802.15.4 PHY Specs/Values Standard Typical Units Xmit PO >-3 dBm <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<030xx> <January 2003> 802.15.4 PHY Specs/Values Standard Typical Units Xmit PO >-3 dBm Sens. -85/-92 -95/-97 Channels 1,10,16 Data Rate 250/ 40/20 Kb/s Battery life -------- .5 - 2 years Location Awareness no <Pat Kinney>, <Kinney Consulting> <author>, <company>