2.1 DEFINITIONS An ideal source is a source that can provide an arbitrary amount of energy. Ideal sources: Voltage sources Current sources

Various representations of an electrical system Ideal voltage sources Figure 2.1 Figure 2.1, 2.2 Various representations of an electrical system Figure 2.2 2-1

Symbol for ideal current source Figure 2.3 Figure 2.3, 2.4 Symbols for dependent sources Figure 2.4 2-2

Definitions of node and supernode Figure 2.5 Definition of a branch Any portion of a circuit with two terminals connected to it Figure 2.5, 2.6 A node: The junction of two or more branches. A supernode is obtained by defining a region that encloses more than one node Figure 2.6 Definitions of node and supernode 2-3

Definition of a loop Definition of a mesh 2-4 Figure 2.7 Figure 2.8 XX A loop is any closed connection of branches Definition of a mesh Figure 2.8 A mesh is a loop that does not contain other loops 2-4 XX

2-6 The Units of current are called amperes (A =coulomb/s) Figure 2.15, 2.20 2-6

2-7

- 2-8

Figure 2.32, 2.33 2-9

2-10

2-11

2-12

2-13

Figure 2.48 2-14

2-15

2-16

(Va + 3 - 10 - 5 = 0)

V=IR Ohm’s law R=ρ(l/A); ρ:resistivity, l:length, A: area R=l/σA; σ: conductivity; l:length, A: area

Please see the definition on page 49

Please see the definition on page 62 (i.e, LO5)

Please see the definition on page 62 (i.e, LO5)

Please see the definition on page 63 (i.e, LO5)