The Spread of Industrialization A. Britain became the world’s greatest industrial nation. It produced one-half of the world’s cotton goods and coal.

B. The Industrial Revolution. spread to other parts of the B. The Industrial Revolution spread to other parts of the world at different speeds. Belgium, France, and Germany were the first to industrialize, because their governments built canals and railroads.

C. Robert Fulton built the first. U. S. paddle-wheel steamboat, C. Robert Fulton built the first U.S. paddle-wheel steamboat, the Clermont, in 1807. By 1860, the U.S. had become industrialized because it had over 30,000 miles of track. The railroad turned the U.S. into a massive market.

D. Labor for the growing factories came from the farm population. Many of the new factory workers were women, who made up more than 80 percent of the workers in textile factories.

The Wage System The Factory System SECTION 2 Domestic System Unsupervised in own home Were paid for number of items completed Factory System Each performed only a small part of the entire job Dozens/hundreds worked in same room with supervisors Paid wages based on hours worked or amt. of goods produced

Lives of Factory Workers SECTION 2 The Factory System Lives of Factory Workers Begin work at 5am until 7pm – often worked 14 hours/day – Six days per week ½ hour each for breakfast & dinner – pay? $2 per week Must attend church Breaking any rule meant heavy fines, pay cuts, or job loss No sanitary facilities No safety devices No compensation if hurt Rules To Be Observed, Haslingden Mill, 1851

Abuses The Factory System SECTION 2 Alexander Gray, a pump boy aged 10 years old. reported in 1842 Royal Commision into working conditions, said: "I pump out the water in the under bottom of the pit to keep the mens room 9coal face) dry. I am obliged to pump fast or the water would cover me. I had to run away a few weeks ago as the water came up so fast that Icould not pump at all. The water frequently covers my legs. I have been two years at the pump. I am paid 10d (old pence) a day. No holiday but the Sabbath (Sunday). I go down at three, sometimes five in the morning, and come up at six or seven at night.

SECTION 2 The Factory System

SECTION 2 The Factory System

SECTION 2 The Factory System Girl pulling a coal tub in mine.