Formatting, Referencing and writing ASSIGNMENT WRITING Formatting, Referencing and writing

SEE THE 2019 REFERENCE GUIDE VISIT THE WRITING CENTRE FOR ASSISTANCE

BASICS Cover page – arial or times new roman 14 point size Table of contents, 12 point Introduction (beginning) and conclusion (end) Body - Arial or times new roman, 12 point Main headings = caps/upper case Sub headings = sentence case 3rd level numbering, then bullets

Writing techniques for the business environment Jack van der Walt Student number: 17770034 PATHWAY: APCT5111 Lecturer: James Cook 21 June 2018 Writing techniques for the business environment COVER PAGE 14 size font Sentence case PATHWAY in CAPS

TABLE OF CONTENTS Do not write the word theory as a subheading Develop proper headings and sub-headings

TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGES 12 size font 1. INTRODUCTION 1 2. MAIN HEADING 2 3. 3-4 4. 5-6 5. 5.1 Sub-heading 7 6. 6.1 6.1.1 Sub-sub-heading 8-10 7. CONCLUSION LIST OF REFERENCES 11 11-12 13 TABLE OF CONTENTS No p. in front of page numbers LIST OF REFERENCES (gets no number) 12 size font CAPS & Sentence case MAIN HEADINGS (1st level numbering) Sub-headings (2nd & 3rd level numbering)

ACTIVITY Write: communication challenges in business contexts as main heading Write: work-related values as first level sub-heading Write: individualism versus collectivism and work and material gain as sub-sub- headings Number each heading and subheading correctly

TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGES Example 1. INTRODUCTION 1 2. COMMUNICATION CHALLENGES IN BUSINESS CONTEXTS 2 2.1 2.1.1 2.1.2 Work-related values Individualism versus Collectivism Work and material gain 3-4 2.2 2.2.1 Quality versus Efficiency Task versus Relationship priority 5-6 3. CONCLUSION REFERENCE LIST 11 11-12 13 Example

and things to keep in mind… FORMATTING IN-TEXT and things to keep in mind…

When you start with the BODY of your assignment EACH & EVERY section’s heading should look like the Table of Contents INTRODUCTION This assignment will aim to investigate the role of communication in the work environment. Table of contents 1. INTRODUCTION

2. COMMUNICATION CHALLENGES IN BUSINESS CONTEXTS Table of contents 1. INTRODUCTION 2. 2.1 2.1.1 COMMUNICATION CHALLENGES IN BUSINESS CONTEXTS Work-related values Individualism versus Collectivism 2. COMMUNICATION CHALLENGES IN BUSINESS CONTEXTS Communication is defined by Littlejohn (2014) as a process where both people have to say something to make sure they understand each other. Relationships need both partners to have an opportunity to share their thoughts and the listening partner should have the opportunity to ask questions. This makes communication a two-way process

Table of contents 2.1 Work-related values 1. INTRODUCTION 2. 2.1 2.1.1 COMMUNICATION CHALLENGES IN BUSINESS CONTEXTS Work-related values Individualism versus Collectivism 2.1 Work-related values Work-related values can be defined as …………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………… etc.

2.1.1 Individualism versus Collectivism Table of contents 1. INTRODUCTION 2. 2.1 2.1.1 COMMUNICATION CHALLENGES IN BUSINESS CONTEXTS Work-related values Individualism versus Collectivism 2.1.1 Individualism versus Collectivism According to Jenkins (2014:3) two work-related cultures can be identified in the South African corporate environment. Individualism is……..etc.

and things to keep in mind… REFERENCING and things to keep in mind…

NUMBERS When referring to a number of objects, people, events FEWER than 10, write in words... One, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine When referring to a number of objects, people, events of 10 or more, write in numerical numbers... 10, 11...124...538... Does not apply to page numbers used during in-text referencing or in the table of contents

et al Used when there are three or more authors, BUT only after you have referenced all of them at least once i.e. According to Martin, Nakayama, Van Rheede van Oudtshoorn, and Schutte (2013:34-37) communication is a social science. Martin et al (2014:55) also conclude that communication is the main artery of all careers in business.

‘&’ + : We use the ampersand sign (&) between brackets to represent the word ‘and’ when referring to two authors BUT if the authors are part of the sentence we use the word and We also use a colon (:) followed by a page number(s) between brackets According to Martin, Nakayama, Van Rheede van Oudtshoorn, and Schutte (2013:34-37) communication is a social science. Martin et al (2013:55) also conclude that communication is the main artery of all careers in business. It is also said communication can make you successful in business (Kok & Pike, 2012:34).

IN-TEXT REFERENCING Do not change the order of the authors during referencing, even if the second author’s surname starts with A and the first author’s surname starts with Z Always add a date to the author’s name NO initials or names of authors in-text Example: Zuka and Athol (2014) maintain that project management is the new future for South African careers.

Don’t use URLs in-text as referencing Don’t use URLs in-text as referencing. Refer to the author of the website article or a company as reference with the date i.e. According to the Apple Corporation (2010), Artificial Intelligence (AI) is becoming a reality. In-text referencing with one author According to Jameson (2013) tertiary education should be accessible to all. Tertiary education should be available to all (Jameson, 2013). In-text referencing with two authors (part of sentence and at end) According to Jameson and Jenz (2013) tertiary education should be accessible to all. Tertiary education should be available to all (Jameson & Jenz, 2013).

In-text referencing using a study guide or module pacer According to the IIE (2012:23-29) intrapersonal communication is good for one’s self-esteem. In-text referencing using a website article Apple (2016) states that technology will develop the ability to read emotions by 2030. **NO URLs in in-text referencing

REFERENCE LIST

List all sources alphabetically from A to Z Do not just use URLs as source, you need to provide a full reference Do not change authors around. Keep and list them exactly as they appear on the cover page of the text book or article DO NOT number the heading REFERENCE LIST DO NOT number each reference in the REFERENCE LIST If you have two separate sources with the same author in the same year, list them as a and b. Example: Denver, E. 2014a. Go fly away. Cape Town: Juta and Company Ltd. Denver, E. 2014b. Fly this way. Cape Town: Juta and Company Ltd.

Use ‘and’ not ‘&’ in the REFERENCE LIST when listing two or more authors Example: Du Plooy-Cilliers, F., Davis, C. and Bezuidenhout, R. 2014. Research matters. Claremont: Juta and Company Ltd. Place before publishers Attend to full stops and commas!!!!!!!!!! Left-align with no indentation Open line between each reference

Examples of REFERENCING sources used most often Book with one author King, E.J. 2012. The history of naval vessels. 3rd edition. Oxford: Miller Publishing. Book with three or more authors Kingsley, J., Beard, M.L. and Herbst, D.G. 2014. The Hiroshima bombings. Pretoria: Van Schaiks.

IIE Manual IIE. 2016. Higher Certificate in Law IIE Manual IIE. 2016. Higher Certificate in Law. LBHC5311 Law Practice Year 1. The Independent Institute of Education: Unpublished. Website Jones, D.M. 2010. Why people watch TV. [online]. Available at: http://www.aber.ac.uk/media/Students/dzj9401.html [Accessed 19 June 2016]. Harvard Business School, 2010. Why people still read magazines. [online]. Available at: http://www.aber.ac.uk/media/Students/dzj9401.html [Accessed 19 June 2016].

Online Journals Joiner, EJ. and Jackson, W. 2012 Online Journals Joiner, EJ. and Jackson, W. 2012. An investigation of drinking behaviour during exposure to beer advertisements. Journal of Social Behaviour. [e-journal] 4(4). Available through: Ebscohost database. [16 June 2013].