Set up your Cornell Notes…. Use your own paper and set up your Cornell notes –just follow the instructions in your “Notes” section of your portfolio on Cornell Notes: Write your heading in the top left Write the Essential Question at the top: EQ: How is non-fiction different from fiction? Draw a line across the bottom and label “Summary” Now draw a line up the left and label “Key Points That’s it! As always, when notes are taken, they are a grade. You will turn these in when the bell rings as an ext ticket – you cannot leave if you have no notes!

Author’s Purpose & ARGUMENT… Reason vs. Evidence

AUTHOR’S PURPOSE The author’s purpose is his/her reason for creating a piece of writing. Make sure you are watching in slideshow mode: Click “slide show” and “From beginning”

PURPOSE TO INFORM OR EXPLAIN: This is focused on giving information and facts, a process, differences, similarities, it has very little opinion. It is expository. Examples? Ex. Brochure, encyclopedia, newspaper article, instruction manual, literary analysis, consumer reports, non-fiction expressive works, etc. TO PERSUADE: This type of writing is not expository. It is persuasive, and it focuses on winning someone over to believe or do something, to convince. Examples? Ex. Editorial articles, advertising, literary analysis, some magazine articles, some fiction, etc. TO ENTERTAIN: This writing can be used with fiction or non-fiction. Its goal is to primarily amuse or interest the reader. Examples? Ex. comic books, novels, a comedian’s blog, most fiction, etc. TO EXPRESS: This writing focuses on sharing how the author feels, thinks, or what (s)he believes. The primary purpose is not to convince you or persuade you to take on their beliefs, but merely express them. Examples? Ex. poetry, memoir, autobiography, some magazine articles, etc.

WHAT IS NONFICTION? The subject of nonfiction is real The author writes about actual persons, places and events. The writer may just report facts The writer may also include personal opinions Often there is a mixture of both Readers must read critically!

WHAT IS FICTION? The subject of fiction is not real. The author writes about imaginary people, places, and events. Elements of Fiction include: What do you think? Characters Setting Plot Conflict Climax Figurative language

Claim? Reasons? Evidence? Persuasion What is persuasion? 11/4/13: 2nd period stopped here Claim? Reasons? Evidence?

Argument over an issue = to support a logical viewpoint What is an argument? An argument usually is found in Non-Fiction (articles & essays) and has specific parts: Argument over an issue = Claim Reasons + + Evidence to support a logical viewpoint

Parts of an Argument ISSUE/TOPIC - problem or controversy about which people disagree. Examples: death penalty, global warming, animal testing, healthcare, sex education etc. CLAIM – an arguable statement on the issue What is an opinion some people have about an issue? What do people argue about? SUPPORT - reasons and evidence that the claim is reasonable and should be accepted How do you convince people to believe you? What kind of examples would you use? 11/04/13: 1st period stopped here

Types of Support What’s the difference between: a REASON and EVIDENCE? A Reason is: a general statement that answers WHY the writer thinks their claim. For example…. A writer claims: “More metal detectors should be installed in public schools.” But WHY???? Reason: To reduce school violence (that’s a reason…)

(Now that’s some goood evidence  Types of Support But how do you know your reason is VALID??! EVIDENCE!!!! What is EVIDENCE? facts, statistics, experiences, comparisons – specific examples that show why the claim is for realz. For example….. A writer claims: More metal detectors should be installed in public schools (But WHY????) because this will reduce school violence. But HOW do you KNOW??! EVIDENCE!!! For example, after using metal detectors in Chicago school, officials went from confiscating 15 guns and 294 weapons in 92 to just two guns in 1995. (Now that’s some goood evidence 

Is This a reason or evidence? Claim: Women should/should not fight in combat. Women are too emotionally fragile for combat. Reason Smaller female soldiers have, on average, 45 to 50 percent less upper-body strength. Evidence In direct combat, women would not have an equal opportunity to survive, or to help fellow soldiers survive. women with equal training as their male counterparts can outperform men. Women also tolerate hot and humid racing conditions better than men because of their smaller body size, according to a 1999 article in the European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology.

Thesis & Essay Structure You are about to read an essay, and will be asked to find the thesis. What is it? Thesis = a single sentence written by the author, usually in the introduction, that sums up the entire paper In an argument, the thesis = claim + reasons Example: The death penalty is wrong because (that word “because” is a big clue a reason is coming) it is immoral (Claim) (Reason#1) and because innocent people are often wrongly condemned. (Reason #2)

Thesis & Essay Structure The article will ask you about “The Body” of the essay. What is that? THE PARTS! There are three parts to an essay: INTRODUCTION: sets up what will be discussed in a general way, includes thesis = the beginning. A good one starts with a hook. Typically one paragraph long. BODY: the paragraphs that follow the introduction and come before the conclusion. Multiple paragraphs usually. Each paragraph starts with a topic sentence that connects to the thesis. CONCLUSION: wraps up the points. A good one usually ends with a clincher. Is usually one paragraph long.

Thesis & Essay Structure In this article: the first paragraph is the hook, the second paragraph is the actual introduction The third paragraph is where the body begins!

YOUR TURN!!

Time to read!!

Feel free to mark up the article! Reading the article 1. Read the article, think about how to break down the argument, and take note of the words from the article to find the author’s: Claim Reasons Evidence Thesis Then what do you think? Fill out the questions on the article….. Feel free to mark up the article!