What makes something living? Background •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• What characteristics did you use to determine if they were alive? Brainstorm a list of ideas on your lab paper.

Characteristics of Life Background Characteristics of Life •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Energy Utilization 1. Growth and Development 3. Based on a genetic code 7. Internal Regulation and order 5. Evolution and Adaptation 8. Cells 2. Reproduction and Heredity 4. Response to environment 6.

Biology = the study of life What does it mean to be alive??? There are 8 characteristics of life . . . No single characteristic is enough to describe a living thing . . . They must have all eight.

1. Need for materials and energy **Living things need a constant supply of materials and energy. **Metabolism = the chemical reactions that an organism uses to build up or break down materials.

Can you name organisms that Get their energy from sunlight or inorganic chemical compounds. Autotrophs What is that process called?

Heterotrophs Which are you? Can you name organisms that get their energy by breaking down organic molecules that come from other living things. Heterotrophs Which are you?

Chemautotrophs

2. Made up of cells They can be either unicellular or multicellular. organisms made of more than one cell. Ex: frog UNICELLULAR: organisms with just one cell. Ex: Amoeba or bacteria

2. Made up of cells They can be either unicellular or multicellular: Colonial Organism: A colony of smaller close to identical individual cells that function together like a multicellular organism. Ex: Portuguese Man-of-war jellyfish

3. Grow and Develop Growth: Cells within the organism take nutrients and get bigger, but most growth happens through cell division to produce more cells. Development: Organism can change form in their development into adulthood as cells differentiate.

What is the difference between growth and development? Grow and Develop What is the difference between growth and development?

4. Reproduction Sexual = Production of new living organisms from genetic information of 2 different individual parents. Ex: humans Asexual = Production of new living organisms that inherit genetic information from only one parent. Ex: bacteria

5. Internal Regulation and Order Inside Cells: Different parts of the cell (organelles) perform different functions for the cell. Inside Organisms: Cells and tissues and organs perform different functions. Internal Regulation Organisms maintain conditions inside their organs, organ system, and cells, adjusting for external effects. They maintain an internal balance called homeostasis. Ex: maintain body temperature.

6. Response to the environment Living things respond to stimuli in their environment. **Internal stimuli = signal comes from inside the organism **External stimuli = signal comes from outside the organism

7. Based on a genetic code DNA is the molecule that helps transfer genetic information from one generation to the next. DNA controls your traits and is why children resemble their parents.

8. Evolution and Adaption Over hundreds, thousands, and millions of years, organisms have the potential to change (evolution) Populations of organisms change over time to adapt to their environment. Characteristics that help them live and reproduce are passed to offspring – this process is called natural selection.

How Can I remember all this? D= DNA R= reproduction G= grow and develop C= cells H= Homeostasis E= Evolution E= Energy R= Response to stimuli

Amoeba Sisters Video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cQPVXrV0GNA