Quasi One-Dimensional Vortex Flow Driven Through Mesoscopic Channels

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Quasi One-Dimensional Vortex Flow Driven Through Mesoscopic Channels Nobuhito Kokubo Institute of Materials Science, University of Tsukuba R. Besseling, T. Sorop, P. H. Kes Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University

Vortex flow J Fp = Jc B E hv = F J Jc E Driving force for vortices Electric field due to vortex motion E Pinning force for vortices Fp = Jc B H Baarle et al APL 2003 Jc J E Driving force velocity Dissipations in normal core(~px2) hv = F

1D Bardeen Stephen(BS) Formula Vortex density B: BS Formula for flux flow resistivity b b a l Flow BS Formula for 1D chain

1D Vortex Flow in Twin Boundaries A. Gurevich PRL, PRB 2002 b a Abrikosov Josephson vortex

IV Curves in Twin Boundaries

Outline of This Talk Vortex flow channel device A short summary of previous results New results A kink anomaly in IV characteristics ML experiments Summary of this talk

Mesoscopic Vortex Flow Channels 0.2 – 1mm Strong pinning NbN layer J H Weak pinning a-NbGe layer J w < l SEM picture (w=650nm)

Matching Effects Matching condition Mismatch condition The shear modulus of vortex lattice c66 w=230 nm 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.0 2.0 ~c 66 (B) F p (10 6 N/m 3 ) m0H (T) experimental data w Mismatch condition Matching condition b a f J

Mode Locking Experiments : Model Coherent flow, average velocity ‘v’ in pinning potential fint = v/a Lattice Mode : Flow direction v a Simplified picture a: particle spacing // v I= Idc + Irf sin(2pft ) ML occurs : fint = p f (vML = p a f) Force vML Velocity

Mode Locking Experiments: Result f=6MHz Irf=0 Large Irf p=1 p=2 p=3 w=230nm weff b a T<<Tc(NbGe)

Field Evolution of n and Fc Vortex density Oscillation in Fc is closely related with the flow configurations in channels PRL 88,247004 (2002)

Field History in Channels NbN Field down (FD) mode H is ramped down after applying a large field (>Hc2 of NbGe) Field up (FU) mode H is ramped up after ZFC Field Focusing in channels A decoration image in channels in a field of 50mT taken by N. Saha, NbN Quasi 1D flow properties Conventional 2D FF behavior

Field History of Ic & IV Curves

H < H* 1D like vortex flow Flow Resistance Low I High I a = 0.5 H < H* 1D like vortex flow

Dynamic Change in Flow Structure f (MHz) (= v/a) f = fint = v/a at p=1 n = 3 n = 5 DC A kink anomaly mark a dynamic change in flow configuration

Quasi 1D flow Properties H* constant n H < H* H* n = 5 High RFB n = 4 Quasi 1D flow properties H > H* Conventional (2D) Flux Flow Low RFB Lower R.F. branch : n Higher R.F. branch: n+2 H* : 1D - 2D flow transition

Field profile in a channel FD Mobile FU Mobile

Summary Mesoscopic channel system provides very rich physical properties Field history changes the vortex dynamics in channels Quasi-1D motion (square root dependence on field with constant flow configurations) Dynamic change in flow configurations Transition from quasi1D to 2D flow properties