The Transportation System of the Body Circulatory System The Transportation System of the Body

FUNCTION Transportation system Blood delivers nutrients and O2 to cells Blood removes waste materials = CO2 Composed of HEART, BLOOD, BLOOD VESSELS

HEART PUMP= Driving Force Made of Cardiac Muscle Own Blood Supply Four Chambers: 2 ATRIA [top] 2 VENTRICLES [bottom]

HEART Heart BEAT-Lub Dup VALVES BLOOD moves by the chambers undergoing CONTRACTION/RELAXATION CONTRACT=Systole RELAX=Diastole SOUND is from the BOTH ATRIA contracting/relaxing at the same time THEN BOTH VENTRICLES contracting/relaxing at same time SEPARATE Atria and Ventricles ONE WAY FLOW- prevent backflow RIGHT SIDE- TRICUSPID LEFT SIDE- BICUSPID/MITRAL SEMI-LUNAR = in major vessels leaving heart [Aortic & Pulmonary]

BLOOD PATHWAY Ox DeOx FROM Working Cells…..used O2 Superior /Inferior Vena Cava Right Atrium TRICUSPID VALVE Right Ventricle PULMONARY VALVE Pulmonary Arteries **** Lungs to get O2 Pulmonary Veins **** Left Atrium BICUSPID/MITRAL VALVE AORTIC VALVE Aorta TO Body Tissues & Organs…..

BLOOD- 5 LITERS Plasma = liquid in which cells are suspended Is a FLUID TISSUE Composed of: -LIQUID [55%- Plasma] -CELL PARTS [45% RBC, WBC, Platelets] -DISSOLVED SUBSTANCES [hormones, nutrients, waste, etc] Plasma = liquid in which cells are suspended Cells = connective tissue from bone marrow Red [RBC] White [WBC] Platelets

Biconcave shape No nucleus Hemoglobin component Transport Gases RBCs/ Erythrocytes Biconcave shape No nucleus Hemoglobin component Transport Gases FUN FACTS: 250 Mil RBCs in a single blood drop Life span 3-4 months Dead RBCs filtered out by Liver/Spleen

WBC/Leukocytes Immune system cells Destroy pathogens Colorless, HAS a NUCLEUS NO HEMOGLOBIN Types of WBCs Neutrophils Monocytes Basophils Lymphocytes- Eosinophils- FUN FACTS: Life span 2-3 days Bigger than RBCs 500 K in drop of blood Phagocytes Make Antibodies Specific to parasites, allergens, etc.

Platelets/ Thrombocytes Fragments of cytoplasm Control clotting -produce Fibrin which forms netting to “catch escaping RBCs” Clump at site to make barricade

BLOOD VESSELS TUBES in which blood flows to various parts of the body. 3 MAIN TYPES of BLOOD VESSELS ARTERIES ~ Arterioles VEINS ~ Venules CAPILLARIES

Arteries/Arterioles Carry blood AWAY from the Heart Carry OXYGENATED BLOOD ** EXCEPTION: PULMONARY ARTERIES THICK/MUSCULAR WALLS handle Blood Pressure from the Heart Arteries  Arterioles  Capillaries [smaller] [smallest] AORTA is the LARGEST ARTERY FEMORAL ARTERY in leg

VEINS/ VENULES Carry Blood TO the Heart Carry DEOXYGENATED BLOOD ***EXCEPTION: PULMONARY VEINS Contain VALVES to prevent backflow Veins  Venules Capillaries [smaller] [smallest] VENA CAVA is LARGEST VEIN When veins become varicose, the leaflets of the valves no longer meet properly, and the valves don't work.

CAPILLARIES SMALLEST of blood vessels ONE CELL THICK FOOD/NUTRIENTS to diffuse from blood to cells WASTE products exchanged through diffusion Red blood cells within a capillary, a tiny blood vessel that directly feeds oxygen and nutrients to muscle and other tissues of the body.

Blood Vessel Flow Arteries Arterioles Capillaries Venules Veins Heart