How are Chemical and Physical Properties Used?

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Presentation transcript:

How are Chemical and Physical Properties Used? Lesson 1-4 How are Chemical and Physical Properties Used?

Separating Mixtures A. Physical Properties 1. used to separate mixtures 2. Ex. of separate mixtures by physical properties: a. Picking out grapes in a fruit salad b. sugar/flour – sugar dissolves in water, flour doesn’t c. sifting sand

B. Chemical Properties 1. How a substance reacts or combines to form new substances 2. Require the substance to be changed. a. Flammable/burns b. Rust/changes color c. Creates gas/bubbles form d. Changes Temperature 3. Ex. Of separating mixtures using Chemical Properties: a. Copper in nature – sulfur and oxygen removed by crushing and adding chemicals

C) Chemical properties can be used to identify materials. 1. Litmus paper can be used to identify acids and bases. a. Acids turn blue litmus paper red b. Bases turn red litmus paper blue.

2. Rank acids/bases on pH scale from 0 to 14 a. Acid = less than 7 (ex: OJ) b. Base = more than 7 (ex: cleaner) c. neutral = 7 (ex: water)

D. Ways to identify substances 1. Physical Properties a. color & texture (5 senses) b. melting points c. solubility (ability to dissolve) 2. Chemical Properties a. change the substance – combine with an acid or base b. Flame test : different substances burn with different colored flames.