4.01 Vocabulary

1. Hazards - Potential events or situations that can cause injury or harm to people, property, or the environment Chemical hazards 2. Solid—Any chemical found in a solid form. Examples: Dry Paint 3. Dusts—Dusts are tiny particles of solids. You may be exposed to dust from materials that are already in dust form, or from work processes that create dust. Examples: Bags of cement, Glass fibers, Asbestos, or Some herbicides. 4. Liquid—Any chemical found in a liquid form at room temperature. Liquid chemicals may cause poisoning by ingestion, inhalation, or absorption. Examples: Fertilizers, Herbicides, Pesticides, Paints, or Cleaners. 5. Vapors—Vapors are tiny drops of liquid that are suspended in the air. Vapors from some chemicals may irritate the eyes and skin. Examples: Cleaners, Paints, or Pesticides. 6. Gases—Some chemicals are in gas form when they are at room temperature. Other solid or liquid chemicals become gases when they are heated. Examples: Aerosols, Carbon monoxide, Vehicle fumes, Grain silo gases, or Hydrogen sulfide.

Physical hazards 7. Elevations or Heights—Any situation in which a person may fall or have objects fall on them. Examples: Ladder, Elevated walkway, Walkway over a pit, Stairs, or Boxes on a high shelf 8. Slippery Surfaces— Wet or oily surfaces, can cause falls. Examples: Wet floor, Waxed floor, or Oily/greasy floor, 9. Electricity—Electrocution can result when a person comes in contact with an electrical current, either indoors or outdoors. Examples: Electrical wire, Electrical outlet, Lightning, Batteries, or Electrical equipment. 10. Confined Spaces— Any space with limited openings and poor ventilation may cause harm due to toxic gases or lack of oxygen. Examples: Grain bin , Manure pit, or Underground pipe. 11. Noise—Loud noises can damage a person's hearing suddenly or gradually over time. Examples: Tractor engine, Explosives, Loud music, Machinery, or Power tools. 12. Sharp Objects—Any sharp object that is operated or held in the hand(s) can cause cuts or even amputations. Examples: Power saw, Meat slicer, Box cutter, or Knife. 13. Moving Parts— Moving parts, both slow and fast, can cause bodily harm, such as amputation or crushing. Examples: Power takeoff, Engine parts, Drill, or Auger.

14. Repetitive Motions— Work that requires doing the same actions over and over again may cause injury over time. Examples: Computer keyboard or Assembly lines. 15. Heavy Loads—Loads that are too heavy or that are lifted improperly may cause back or neck injuries. Examples: Boxes, Hay bales, or People. 16. Heavy Machinery—A person can be run over, rolled on, or crushed by large machinery. Examples: Tractors, Circular baler, Skid loader, or Trucks. 17. Heat—Any hot surface or overexposure to sunlight may cause burns and dehydration. Examples: Sun exposure, Furnace, Fryer, grill, oven, or Running engine. 18. Cold—Overexposure to cold or being trapped in a cold place may cause frostbite, hypothermia, and, potentially, death. Examples: Outdoors in winter or Refrigerator/freezer. 19. Weapons—Weapons may be misused, causing injury to self and others. Workplaces may be robbed by people using weapons. Examples: Guns or Knives. 20. Miscellaneous—Any other physical objects that can cause injury or illness. Examples: Ill-fitting equipment, X-ray machines, or Radiation.

21. OSHA (Occupational Safe and Health Act of 1970)- A federal government agency that writes and enforces safety and health standards for businesses. 22. Accident - An unexpected happening that may result in injury, loss, or damage. 23. Compliance - Fulfilling the requirements of the law. 24. Risk- The possibility of loss (failure) or gain (success). 25. Safety - Freedom from danger, risk, or injury.