Chapter 14.

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 14

Westward Expansion 1850: half of Americans under 30 Population doubling every 25 years

Pioneers Hard lives Spread out Harsh living conditions

Environmental Impacts Exhausted land, moved on Beaver and buffalo almost extinct “ecological imperialism” George Gatlin- 1872

US Growing 1860: 13 states to 33 US 4th most populous in the world (Russia, France, Austria)

Urban Growth 1790: 2 cities w/ over 20,000 people 1860: 43

Urbanization brings problems No infrastructure Cities poorly laid out Impure water, sewage problems Animals

Growth in population: Birth rate Immigration (Europe)

Irish Potato famine (2 million people dead) Settle in the east (NY and Boston) 2 million immigrated b/w 1830-60

Germans 1830-60: 1.5 million Mostly farmers and some political refugees Influenced American culture: Christmas trees Public education (kindergarten) Anti-slavery

Nativism and Antiforeignism “outbreed, outvote, and overwhelm” the native Americans Jobs Catholic v. Protestant- schools

Industrial Revolution

Technological Advancements in America Textile machines Steam engines Interchangeable parts (Eli Whitney) Cotton gin (Eli Whitney) Canals (Erie) Railroads Telegraph Factories (Samuel Slater)

Shift in America Subsistence farming to producing goods Entrepreneurs

Lowell System Young women 8 hrs/day Town built around a factory

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