Efficacy of a Russian-backbone live attenuated influenza vaccine among children in Senegal: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial  Dr John C Victor, PhD, Kristen D C Lewis, PhD, Aldiouma Diallo, MD, Mbayame N Niang, PhD, Bou Diarra, MD, Ndongo Dia, PhD, Justin R Ortiz, MD, Marc-Alain Widdowson, DVM, Jodi Feser, MPH, Rebecca Hoagland, MS, Shannon L Emery, MSPH, Kathryn E Lafond, MPH, Kathleen M Neuzil, MD  The Lancet Global Health  Volume 4, Issue 12, Pages e955-e965 (December 2016) DOI: 10.1016/S2214-109X(16)30201-7 Copyright © 2016 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY license Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Trial profile LAIV=live attenuated influenza vaccine. The Lancet Global Health 2016 4, e955-e965DOI: (10.1016/S2214-109X(16)30201-7) Copyright © 2016 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY license Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Influenza circulation in Niakhar, by type and subtype or lineage, from week 22 to week 51 during the period of the trial The graph is a stacked column chart where numbers of positive detections for each strain each week are stacked in the graph and can be visually summed. Study vaccinations occurred from week 22 to week 28. Laboratory testing data from the trial indicated that B circulation was of mixed lineage from week 22 through 35 but became almost only Victoria lineage (unmatched to vaccine) thereafter. Inset show influenza circulation in Senegal, by type and subtype, during the entire year of the trial, 2013, as measured by the Senegal National Influenza Center. Note: determination of B lineage was not standard practice for national surveillance in 2013. Data from WHO Flunet. The Lancet Global Health 2016 4, e955-e965DOI: (10.1016/S2214-109X(16)30201-7) Copyright © 2016 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY license Terms and Conditions