The Speech
Body language Proper posture. No sagging shoulders Insincere Audience will not accept their message.
Articulation Vocal process Air from the lungs Voice from their larynx must be working Saliva in their mouths
Pronunciation Pronounce each word Avoid slang (except to make a point) Be aware of crutches and work to avoid them “um” “you know” “like” “aaaah”
Pitch The highs and lows of the voice. Whatever you do, avoid the monotone!
Speed Between 140-160 words per minute is the normal pace for a persuasive speech. Tape yourself for one minute and then replay it and count the number of words you used in the minute!
Pause/Caesura Critical persuasive tool To emphasize a certain word, pause for one second before; this highlights the word. To really emphasize the word pause before and after the word!
Volume Use it with caution. Screaming can be effective, but if not used properly will lose its effectiveness.
Quality Quality of voice is gauged by the overall impact that their voice has on their listeners.
Variance Variance of vocal elements is the most important consideration of all! One of the most persuasive speakers in modern history was Winston Churchill. One of his most remarkable qualities was his ability to vary the elements of his voice. He would start with a slow, laconic voice and then switch gears to a more rapid pace. People were light-headed after listening to him!
If you use the word "strangle" say it with a hint of menace. If you say the word "heave" let the class feel the onomatopoeic force behind it. If you say the word "bulldozer" make me feel the earth move.
Rhetorical Appeals Ethos—appeal to ethics asks the reader/listener to look favorably on the writer/speaker stresses the writer/speaker’s intelligence, competence, fairness, morality, and other qualities desirable in a trustworthy leader. --“I promise you, we as a people will get there.” --“But I will always be honest with you about the challenges we face. I will listen to you, especially when we disagree. And, above all, I will ask you to join in the work of remaking this nation . . .”
Rhetorical Appeals Logos—rational appeal asks the readers to use their intellects and powers of reasoning. It relies on established conventions of logic and evidence. - There is something happening. There's something happening when Americans who are young in age and in spirit, who've never participated in politics before, turn out in numbers we have never seen because they know in their hearts that this time must be different.
Rhetorical Appeals Pathos—an emotional appeal; asks readers to respond out of their beliefs, values, or feelings. It inspires, affirms, frightens, angers. -“Tonight we proved one more that the true strength of our nation comes not from the might of our arms or the scale of our wealth, but from the enduring power of our ideals: democracy, liberty, opportunity, and unyielding hope.” -“Yes we can.” -“So tonight, let us ask ourselves—if our children should live to see the next century; if my daughters should be so lucky to live as long as Ann Nixon Cooper, what changes will they see? What progress will we have made?”