Learn from the past and prepare for a better future

LOOK FOR HAZARDS WHICH YOU COULD REASONABLY EXPECT TO RESULT IN SIGNIFICANT HARM

General Safety Rules Obey all warning signs Follow all safety procedures Do not take shortcuts Do not engage in horseplay Use common sense

General Safety Rules 6. Keep your eyes open for safety hazards 7. Fix what you can 8. Report what you can’t fix 9. Suggest ideas for safety improvement

HAZARD? ANY SITUATION THAT CAN CAUSE: AN INJURY DAMAGE TO: THE ENVIRONMENT FACILITIES EQUIPMENT CAN BE CAUSED BY AN “AT RISK BEHAVIOR” OR “CONDITION”. What is a hazard? Something that presents danger to a person or the environment What is an at-risk behavior? A behavior that poses a risk to the person or a co-worker

AT RISK BEHAVIOR? When a person does something that can cause an injury to himself or anybody else. What is an at risk behavior – something that causes potential harm. Employees seldom intentionally hurt another person. But most of what we do has an impact on another person.

AT RISK CONDITION? Any condition that if allowed to happen will cause an injury, damage to the environment or damage to facilities, installations, equipment. Usually is the consequence of an “At Risk” Behavior What is an “at risk” condition? Anything that causes harm. How many believe that unsafe conditions are physical conditions? A physical condition can be a situation we have let happen. Example: You require someone to wear gloves. If you walk by someone everyday without gloves for 30 days and on day 31 they get a laceration, what do you do? Write them up. There should be two write ups – for the person who didn’t wear gloves, and the person who didn’t correct the behavior.

ELECTRICAL HAZARDS Wearing jewelry/metal wrist watches or other metallic objects while working close to electric circuits Working too close to high voltage lines (120 vs. 480?) GFCI’s not installed on portable tools Electrical cables not in good condition Power not off, locked and tagged when working on circuits Portable tools/equipment are not double insulated Which kills more people – 120 or 480? 110 kills more people…. Much more common and most people don’t think it’s much of a risk… This is why GFCI is now required… Tell story of engineer working on lawn mower and getting pinkie ring shorted to positive terminal of battery. Pinky burned through to the bone – drs were able to save it.

Electrical Shock Received when current passes through the body Severity of the shock depends on: Path of current through the body Amount of current flowing through the body Length of time the body is in the circuit LOW VOLTAGE DOES NOT MEAN LOW HAZARD

Electrical Safety Hazards   Hazards The possibility of electric shock or burn is always present when working with electricity. Caution should always be taken when dealing with electricity and electric components. It is often misconceived that high voltage is what it takes to cause electric shock. However, it is the current, and not the voltage that will cause electric shock. It takes voltage to produce the current, but only a little bit of current is needed to do serious damage.

Electrical Safety The table below shows the effects of current through the human body. Current Physical Effect 0.4 mA Slight tingling sensation 1.1 mA Perception threshold 1.8 mA Slight shock, no pain 9 mA Painful shock, no loss of muscular control 16 mA Painful shock, let-go threshold 23 mA Severely painful shock, loss of muscular control, breathing difficulties 50-150 mA Extremely painful shock, respiratory arrest, severe muscular contractions, possible death 1,000-4,000 mA Ventricular fibrillation, muscular contraction, nerve damage, likely death 10,000 mA Cardiac arrest, severe burns, probable death

Ground Fault Circuit Interrupters (No enforcement of GFCI use) These pictures are from a factory that does not have GFCI Sawsall next to mop bucket… what do you always find next to a bucket of water? A puddle. What’s the biggest difference between the two pictures? The number of people you are likely to kill.

ELECTRICAL HAZARDS

Electrical Safety (Exposed electrical wiring and damaged electrical outlets)

Electrical Safety (Unsafe work practices & unprotected electrical boxes) On the right … Open knockouts What’s wrong on the left Using metal ladder while running electrical wiring Area is not blocked off

Lock Out/Tag Out Specific practices and procedures which safeguard employees from the unexpected energization or startup of machinery Never, Never start a locked out machine Never remove locks or tags Only trained and authorized employees can lock a machine out Locks must be removed in the order they are applied if no hasp is used

Lockout / Tagout (No enforcement of lockout procedure) What’s wring with the picture on the right? Person in the machine … disconnect not thrown …left picture Story about a person disrupting a hazard recognition training … next day sitting in front row … best friend killed for failure to lockout tagout Guy will tell you … I’ve always done this … it’s never been a problem.

Lockout/Tagout Show actual lockout equipment What is significant is the lock (red in color specifically for LO/TO)? There is a requirement that lockout locks are used for the specific purpose. There should be no lockout specific locks used for any other reason