Helical myofiber orientation after myocardial infarction and left ventricular surgical restoration in sheep Joseph C. Walker, BS, Julius M. Guccione,

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Helical myofiber orientation after myocardial infarction and left ventricular surgical restoration in sheep Joseph C. Walker, BS, Julius M. Guccione, PhD, Yi Jiang, MD, Peng Zhang, MD, PhD, Arthur W. Wallace, MD, PhD, Edward W. Hsu, PhD, Mark B. Ratcliffe, MD The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Volume 129, Issue 2, Pages 382-390 (February 2005) DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2004.06.006 Copyright © 2005 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Illustration of the helix angle (αH). The primary eigenvector of the diffusion tensor obtained from MR-DTI was projected onto the local epicardial tangent plane. The helix angle was calculated relative to this projection and the local circumferential direction. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2005 129, 382-390DOI: (10.1016/j.jtcvs.2004.06.006) Copyright © 2005 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 False-color wall-thickness plots rendered on the epicardium in normal (A), infarcted (B), and surgically repaired (C) LVs. The infarcted heart contains a thin apical aneurysm (B) that is surgically eliminated in panel C. Gray slices are serial MRI slices and indicate the location of the right ventricle. White patches show where transmural helix angle samples were taken from these hearts. Note that in panel B the ventricle appears foreshortened because the aneurysm is collapsed and a portion of the aneurysm has been removed for mechanical testing. Color-scale units are in millimeters. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2005 129, 382-390DOI: (10.1016/j.jtcvs.2004.06.006) Copyright © 2005 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Transmural plots of helix angles from samples at the anterior and lateral wall BZ (A), equator (B), and base (C). Notice the rotation of the helix angles between the surgically repaired and infarcted groups at the BZ. This trend is less distinct at the equatorial region and almost disappears at the basal region. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2005 129, 382-390DOI: (10.1016/j.jtcvs.2004.06.006) Copyright © 2005 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Figure 4 Differences in helix angles between groups are plotted around the circumference of the LV in the BZ (A), equatorial (B), and basal (C) regions: I, postinfarction versus normal; II, postplication versus infarction. Statistically significant P values (P < .05) are posted along the x-axis. ns, Not significant. The operation significantly altered the helix angles in limited locations immediately adjacent to the repair (A-II). In general, the helix angle was not statistically different from normal after infarction or after the repair. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2005 129, 382-390DOI: (10.1016/j.jtcvs.2004.06.006) Copyright © 2005 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Figure 5 False-color helix angle maps showing helix angles in a cutaway view of the anterior (left) and lateral (right) walls in the normal (A), infarcted (B), and surgically repaired (C) LVs. All groups exhibit a similar trend of a negative helix angle at the epicardium to a positive helix angle at the endocardium. Color-scale units are in degrees. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2005 129, 382-390DOI: (10.1016/j.jtcvs.2004.06.006) Copyright © 2005 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions