Explain reasons for World War I and describe Georgia’s contributions. Prelude To War Explain reasons for World War I and describe Georgia’s contributions.

War involving nearly all the The First World War What was it? War involving nearly all the nations of the world When was it? 1914-1918

There were four MAIN causes for the war… Militarism Alliances Imperialism Nationalism

Militarism: a strong military spirit or policy European leaders glorified war Sparked arms-race Britain vs. Germany

Alliance: a formal agreement or treaty between two or more nations to cooperate for specific purposes. Alliances formed out of fear and distrust The Central Powers The Allies Consequence Made people even more nervous and distrustful.

Imperialism: the practice of a country growing stronger by taking over another country for their resources. (colonization) Germany was becoming a superpower Britain felt threatened France & Germany clashed over territories France and Britain grew closer

Nationalism is having an intense pride in one’s country or culture. Is there any danger in thinking this way? Can you identify any negative aspects associated with nationalism?

The First World War: Why? Long term - 1. Alliance system 2. Competing empires 3. Stockpiling of weapons Franz Ferdinand, Archduke of Austria and his Wife Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg one hour before their deaths, June 28, 1914 Short term – Assassination of Franz Ferdinand of the Austro -Hungarian Empire

Who? The First World War: Allied: Central Powers: Russia Germany France Great Britain Italy Japan United States (1917) Allied: Germany Austria-Hungary Ottoman Empire Bulgaria Central Powers:

Why did it take so long for America to get involved in the war? (1)Woodrow Wilson and America was isolationist:  leaders who asserted that their nations' best interests were best served by keeping the affairs of other countries at a distance. “Why should I get involved in someone else’s problems?”

Pages 370-373 (2) Although the U.S. claimed neutrality, some Georgians helped in the war effort by: Volunteered to fight for Britain and France Served as aviators, soldiers, and ambulance drivers Some flew with the Lafayette Escadrille

Eugene Jacques Bullard Born: Columbus, Georgia Dream: move to France Journey: Hitchhiked from Georgia to Virginia, was a stowaway on a ship to Scotland. Then made his way from England to France. Why did the Army Air Force reject his service? He was black Activism- became a decorated fighter pilot, flew over 20 combat missions against Germany, wounded several times.

What did it take to get the US involved? Ads had been published warning American citizens that traveling on British or allied ships were doing so at their own risk. Germany suspected Lusitania was transporting war ammunition It was revealed that Lusitania was carrying 173 tons of war munitions The passenger ship, Lusitania, was sunk by a German U-boat killing 1100 passengers and crew (including 128 Americans) German Propaganda Justifying Lusitania sinking

What did it take to get the US involved? Zimmerman Note Great Britain intercepted a note from Germany to Mexico, It promised Mexico would get Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona back in return for an alliance

What did it take to get the US involved? Zimmerman Note plus the sinking of four unarmed American ships led to a declaration of war

Georgia’s Contributions to World War I 100,000 Georgians took part in war effort. Georgia provided more military training camps than any other state: Camp Benning: Opened in 1917 and located near Columbus to train infantry troops. Fort McPherson: located outside of Atlanta Camp Gordon: located outside of Augusta. These military installations were a major factor in the state’s economy. 3,000 young Georgians died in an effort to “make the world safe for democracy.”

Georgia’s non-military contributes Textile mills made fabric for military uniforms. Railroads carried arms, ammunition, and soldiers to ports. Farmers grew more food crops, tobacco, and livestock. (Victory Gardens) Women volunteered for the Red Cross, to welcome soldiers, knit, and help sell bonds.

May 21st 1917 Fire broke out in the city of Atlanta burning more than 71 blocks destroying1,900 houses and 1,553 buildings. 6,000 – 10,000 people were left homeless.

The End of the War The Great World War ended on November 11th, 1918 with the signing of an armistice (a cease fire). Treaty of Versailles: Signed on June 28, 1919 by Germany and Britain, France, Italy and Russia. The United States did not sign because they did not agree with rigid restrictions put on Germany for being the aggressor of war.