Cardioventilatory coupling in heart rate variability: methods for qualitative and quantitative determination D.C. Galletly, P.D. Larsen British Journal.

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Cardioventilatory coupling in heart rate variability: methods for qualitative and quantitative determination D.C. Galletly, P.D. Larsen British Journal of Anaesthesia Volume 87, Issue 6, Pages 827-833 (December 2001) DOI: 10.1093/bja/87.6.827 Copyright © 2001 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions

Fig 1 A 500-s epoch from a subject exhibiting 3:1 cardioventilatory coupling. (a) RR interval time series showing two distinct bands. (b) RI interval plot showing pattern I cardioventilatory coupling. (c) Normalized preceding RR interval plotted against the time an R wave occurs after inspiratory onset (IR interval). Note the clustering of heart beats in constant relationship with inspiratory onset (at t=0). (d) Representative detail of the variation in RR interval. (e) Consecutive difference time series (ΔRRn, ΔRRn+1,...). Two distinct bands are visible. (f) Consecutive difference phase portrait plot (ΔRRn vs ΔRRn+1). Three distinct clusters are seen, each corresponding to the variation between three consecutive RR intervals. British Journal of Anaesthesia 2001 87, 827-833DOI: (10.1093/bja/87.6.827) Copyright © 2001 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions

Fig 2 A 450 s epoch from a subject in the absence of cardioventilatory coupling. (a) RR interval time series showing no banding. (b) RI interval plot showing no consistent timing relationship between R waves and inspiration, i.e. an uncoupled time series. (c) Normalized preceding RR interval plotted against the time an R wave occurs after inspiratory onset (IR interval). (d) Representative detail of the variation in RR interval. (e) Consecutive difference time series (ΔRRn, ΔRRn+1,...). No banding is visible. (f) Consecutive difference phase portrait plot (ΔRRn vs ΔRRn+1). A concentric ring shape is apparent. British Journal of Anaesthesia 2001 87, 827-833DOI: (10.1093/bja/87.6.827) Copyright © 2001 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions