Mobile Number Portability

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Mobile Number Portability Nclab 오재준 mega5@kw.ac.kr

Introduction Number portability Three kinds of number portability Subscriber to keep a “unique” telephone number Enhance fair competition among telco. To improve customer service quality Three kinds of number portability Location portability Service portability Operator portability CLEC (competitive local exchange carrier) ILEC (incumbent local exchange carrier) 위치이동성은 서비스 가입자의 물리적인 위치가 변경되더라도 기존에 사용하는 번호를 변경 없이 그대로 사용할 수 있도록 해 주는 것이다. 예를 들어, 유선전화에서 032-123-4567 가입자가 경기도에서 서울로 이사를 와도 지역 식별번호를 02로 변경하지 않고 그대로 032를 사용하는 것이다 서비스 이동성은 현재 가입된 서비스를 변경하더라도 전화번호가 변경되지 않는 것으로서 예를 들어, PSTN (Public Switched Telephone Network)에서 ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network)으로 서비스를 변경하더라도 전화번호는 바뀌지 않는다. 사업자간 이동성은 서비스 가입자가 서비스 제공자를 변경할 때 기존의 사용하는 전화번호는 변경하지 않고 사용할 수 있게 하는 것이다. 예를 들어, 01X-1234-5678이라는 이동전화 식별번호를 가진 가입자가 서비스제공 사업자를 바꿀 때 식별번호 변경 없이 해당번호를 그대로 사용하는 것이다. CLEC[씰렉]은 자신의 네트웍과 스위칭을 제공함으로써 미국의 기존 시내 전화 사업자들과의 경쟁에 뛰어든 회사들을 가리킨다. 이 용어는 장거리 전화 및 시내 전화 서비스 제공업체 들간의 경쟁을 촉진하기 위해 제정된 1996년에 제정된 연방통신법으로 인해 생겨났는데, 기존의 지역 교환 통신사업자들, 즉 LEC과 신생 경쟁업체를 구분하기 위해 만들었다. 노스 어메리컨 텔레콤과 윈스타 커뮤니케이션즈 등이 CLEC의 대표적인 예이다. ILEC[아일렉]은 1996년의 미국의 연방통신법이 제정될 당시, 이미 존재하던 기존 시내전화 서비스 회사들을 가리키는 말이다. ILEC는 벨 시스템이 1983년의 법원 판결에 의해 해체될 때, RBOC라고 하는 지주회사로 통합된 이전의 벨 운영회사들을 포함한다. ILEC는 CLEC의 대비하여 사용할 수 있는 용어이다. "local exchange", 즉 지역 교환설비는 LEC의 각 지역에 있는 "CO"이다. 가정이나 회사로 통하는 회선들은 바로 이 지역 교환설비에 접속되며, 지역 교환설비는 다시 LATA 내에 있는 또다른 지역 교환설비, 또는 AT&T나 MCI, 스프린트 등과 같은 장거리 전화 사업자들의 IXC에 연결된다.

15.1 Fixed-Network Number Portability (1/2)

15.1 Fixed-Network Number Portability(2/2) NUMBER PORTABILITY SOLUTION ROUTING INDEPENDENCE EXTRA CALL SETUP COST INITIAL SYSTEM SETUP COST Call Forwarding low pct Call Drop-back medium cs Query-on-Release p (cs + cd) high All-Call-Query Extra call setup costs Initial System Setup Costs Customer Transfer Costs 3번째 세로열은 number protability 로 call set up하기 위해 요구되는 extra call setup cost이다. P는 이동된 번호로 call termination되는 퍼센트를 나타낸다. Ct는 스위칭과 전송 요소를 위한 cost를 나타낸다. 예로 영국 통신위원회(OFTEL:Office of Telecommunications) 은 모바일 네트워크에서는 분당 0.90달러, Britich Telecoms fixed network을 위해 분당 0.50달러로 Ct를 계산한다. 또한, OFTEL은 하나의 시그널을 분당 0.07달러로 계산한다. Drop-in query-on-release 를 위해 cost Cd는 분당 0.18달러로 계산한다. 이 계산에 따라 Ct=6Cs and Cd=2Cs로 가정한다. 씨렉은 All-Call-Query를 선호햇다. 기존의 아이렉의 포함없이 call set up를 독립적으로 맺을 수 잇으므로, Number portability database mechanism 과 originating switch와 donor switch 사이에 signaling protocol 개발 필요

15.1 Cost Recovery r : recipient operator d : donor operator NUMBER PORTABILITY SOLUTION CUSTOMER TRANSFER COST EXTRA CALL SETUP COST INITIAL SYSTEM SETUP COST Call Forwarding r->d ; c->r o->d own Call Drop-back Query-on-Release r->d, db ;c->r o->d, o->db All-Call-Query r->db ;c->r o->db r : recipient operator d : donor operator o : origination operator c : customer db : the party who manages number portability database

15.2 Number Portability for Mobile Networks Mobile phone is associated with two number Directory number (MSISDN in GSM) Identification number (IMSI in GSM) MSISDN and IMSI pair is assigned to the user MIN (mobile identification number) ,MDN ( mobile directory number) are used in EIA/TIA IS-41 based system Typically assume that both MIN and MDN have the same value To support portability, separation of MIN and MDN is required Location update Mobile call origination Mobile call termination

15.3 Mobile Number Portability Mechanisms Simplified GSM call termination procedure and tromboning routing Two restriction The GMSC must be in the call path for the provision of special features and services, as well as for billing The originating switch does not have the capability of query the HLR database, which must be done by GMSC

15.3.1 Signaling Relay Approach 1/2 (SRA 1/2) Sra 1은 제한 1에 걸린다. Recipient GMSC를 통과하지 않는다. Recipient HRL은 SRF에게 IRN (Intermediate Routing Number)을 보낸다. IRN은 recipient GMSC를 나타내는 prefix를 가진 party number로 구성된다. SRA 1 SRA 2 IRN (Intermediate Routing Number)

Tromboning trunk setup in SRF 2

15.3.2 All-Call-Query Approach 1/2 (ACQ 1/2)

15.4 Implementation Costs for mobile Number portability NUMBER PORTABILITY SOLUTION ROUTING INDEPENDENCE EXTRA CALL SETUP COST INITIAL SYSTEM SETUP COST SRA 1 low cs medium SRA 2 2cs + pct ACQ 1 high ACQ 2 cs - ct Comparison of Mobile Number portability Solution NUMBER PORTABILITY SOLUTION CUSTOMER TRANSFER COST EXTRA CALL SETUP COST INITIAL SYSTEM SETUP COST SRA 1 r->d (db) ; c->r o->d, d->db own SRA 2 o->d, r, d->db ACQ 1 r->db ;c->r o->db ACQ 2 Cost Recovery mobile number portability solutions