DR. ELIZABETH ANTHONY Language & Communication Department FSTPi, UTHM FINAL REPORT DR. ELIZABETH ANTHONY Language & Communication Department FSTPi, UTHM

alice@copyright/fstpi/2011 FINAL REPORT What is a final report? Written upon the completion of any undertaken project. It is the project result. There are three (3) parts. alice@copyright/fstpi/2011

alice@copyright/fstpi/2011 FINAL REPORT Part 1 (The Introduction) Part 2 (The Body) Part 3 (The Conclusion) alice@copyright/fstpi/2011

alice@copyright/fstpi/2011 FINAL REPORT Part 1 (The Introduction) This part contains the seven components of the proposal; The Background of Study, Statement of Problem(s), Objectives, Significance of the Study, Limitation of the Study, Definition of Terms, Procedures/ Methodology. Note: To be written in the past tense. alice@copyright/fstpi/2011

alice@copyright/fstpi/2011 FINAL REPORT Part 2 ( The Body) This section comprises the following components; a) The theoretical background (Literature Review). - description of the theory that underlies your project. alice@copyright/fstpi/2011

alice@copyright/fstpi/2011 FINAL REPORT Part 2 ( The Body) cont … b) The project description. - give a physical description of the device/equipment you have constructed. - tell the reader how your device is used. alice@copyright/fstpi/2011

alice@copyright/fstpi/2011 FINAL REPORT Part 2 ( The Body) cont … c) The product development. - Tell the reader in detail how you made/built your project item. alice@copyright/fstpi/2011

alice@copyright/fstpi/2011 FINAL REPORT Part 2 ( The Body) cont … d) Assembly and testing. - Give a description about the operation and the tests which you have conducted to check that the device/equipment you have produced works. alice@copyright/fstpi/2011

alice@copyright/fstpi/2011 FINAL REPORT Part 2 ( The Body) cont … e) The discussion - Discuss what you have achieved in your project, the lessons that you have learnt, the shortcomings of the project and the reasons for these shortcomings. alice@copyright/fstpi/2011

alice@copyright/fstpi/2011 FINAL REPORT Part 3 (The Conclusion) There are three components in this part: Discussing the meeting of objectives. - Tell the reader whether you met your objectives, and if not the extent to which you did meet them. alice@copyright/fstpi/2011

alice@copyright/fstpi/2011 FINAL REPORT Part 3 (The Conclusion) cont … Proposing or recommending design improvements. - Indicate other ideas that could improve your piece of work in terms of its cost, efficiency to design, etc. alice@copyright/fstpi/2011

alice@copyright/fstpi/2011 FINAL REPORT Part 3 (The Conclusion) cont … Suggesting new lines of study. - Giving rise to new projects and new areas of study. alice@copyright/fstpi/2011

alice@copyright/fstpi/2011 ASSIGNMENT 1. Introduction 1.1 The Background of Study 1.2 Statement of Problem(s) 1.3 Objectives 1.4 Significance of the Study 1.5 Limitation of the Study 1.6 Definition of Terms 1.7 Procedures/ Methodology. alice@copyright/fstpi/2011

alice@copyright/fstpi/2011 ASSIGNMENT 2. Findings The longest and most important section of the report. Present the findings of your study in the form of graphs and tables, as well as in writing (the discussion/ explanation). alice@copyright/fstpi/2011

alice@copyright/fstpi/2011 ASSIGNMENT Findings cont … Figures (graphs, tables, and diagrams) present the complete findings in numerical terms while the text helps the reader to focus on, and discuss the important points of the result. alice@copyright/fstpi/2011

alice@copyright/fstpi/2011 ASSIGNMENT Findings cont … The written text must consist of three important elements: reference to the data important points discussion/comments EXAMPLE Title: Income and Control over Financial Decision-Making in the Family. alice@copyright/fstpi/2011

alice@copyright/fstpi/2011 ASSIGNMENT USEFUL PHRASES FOR WRITING THE FINDINGS [A] Reporting the findings This is evident in … It is evident that … It is observed that … It can be seen that … From the data gathered … From the information available … From the pie-chart/table/graph … Based on the data/pie- chart/table/graph … There is overwhelming evidence to show that … As evident from the data/pie- chart/table/graph … alice@copyright/fstpi/2011

alice@copyright/fstpi/2011 ASSIGNMENT USEFUL PHRASES FOR WRITING THE FINDINGS [B] Discussing the findings It seems that … It is most likely that … This suggests … This means that … This is probably because … This probably explains why … Perhaps this is because … Apparently/Possibly … alice@copyright/fstpi/2011

alice@copyright/fstpi/2011 ASSIGNMENT 3. Conclusion In this section of the report, tie together all the important points mentioned in the Findings. EXAMPLE Title: Factors contributing to the Declining Standard of English among UPM Students. alice@copyright/fstpi/2011

alice@copyright/fstpi/2011 ASSIGNMENT USEFUL PHRASES FOR WRITING THE CONCLUSION In summary … In general … In conclusion … In a nutshell … It can be concluded that … To summarize … Thus/Therefore/Hence … The conclusions are … The following conclusions can be drawn … alice@copyright/fstpi/2011

alice@copyright/fstpi/2011 ASSIGNMENT 4. Recommendation In this section, recommend suggestions based on the conclusion for further action. EXAMPLE Title: Factors contributing to the Declining Standard of English among UPM Students. alice@copyright/fstpi/2011

ASSIGNMENT The recommendations are … It can be recommended that … USEFUL PHRASES FOR WRITING THE RECOMMENDATIONS The recommendations are … It can be recommended that … From the conclusions, it can be recommended that … In view of the above conclusions, it can be recommended that … alice@copyright/fstpi/2011

alice@copyright/fstpi/2011 FINAL REPORT Reference Appendix Abstract alice@copyright/fstpi/2011