Smart Cities – Open Research Challenges Jonathan Wareham ESADE Business School

Innovation – Classic Questions Where does it come from (supply)? Who consumes it (demand)? How do we identify innovation opportunity (search & selection)? Can innovation be managed & cultivated? How do we move from “idea-to-market” (value appropriation)?

Innovation – Classic Responses Necessity War Play Basic Science & Engineering Serendipity & Error Users & Communities Technology Innovations Socially Defined Innovations & Negotiated Meanings

Innovation – Classic Responses Users Institutions

Chaotic or Ordered? The middle ground : What we know What we do not know… Emergent, yet governed Semi-deterministic

Smart Cities Problems: Environmental sustainability Increasing urban populations Observation: Municipal, regional and federal governments collect massive amounts of data – largest data repositories in the world. Question: What to do with it all????

Smart Cities Answer: Bring Open Source logic to the problem Let 1,000 flowers grow Premises: Many sensor technologies exist Many citizens carry powerful mobile computing devices Points of Interest & Tension Operational Questions Social Meanings Transparency

Operational Challenges Critical Mass and Incentives – Open Source, Open Science, Combinatorics Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivations: Competitions, Reputational Economies, Prizes and Financial Compensation Seeding and Indirect Network Effects Filtering and Closure

Social Meanings

Example: The play radiator

Examples Jaga Oxygen : controling the moisture and oxigen in the house Future: Wearable heating

Transparency Question: How much transparency serves the social good? Old question – new manifestations Premises: Crime data in real time Performance of public schools Performance of public health system