HRD1 Put all measured data of a star together Look for relationships

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Presentation transcript:

HRD1 Put all measured data of a star together Look for relationships For the closeby stars we can measure: • Brightness (m) • Parallax → Calculate distance • Color → Calculate temperature (T) Calculate absolute brightness (M) and make a graph of M vs. T

The Herzsprung-Russel diagram (HRD) • relates spectral type to absolute magnitude • is the main tool or understanding stars • The majority (but not all!) stars are on the “main sequence” HRD2

A simple use of HRD: determine “spectroscopic parallax” Procedure: • Measure the color of a star • Use HRD to read off its absolute magnitude • Measure its apparent magnitude • Calculate distance modulus  calculate distance The good new is: This method will work for stars that are not close to us!

Questions coming …

sec 10 9 11 12 15 14 13 8 7 1 2 3 5 4 6 16 26 17 27 28 30 29 24 25 23 19 18 20 21 22 Question 12 What two things are related by the Hertzsprung-Russel diagram (HRD)? A The absolute brightness and the temperature of stars. B The size and the absolute brightness of stars. C The apparent brightness and the spectral type of the star. D The size and the apparent brightness of a star. Next question coming …

sec 8 9 10 12 11 7 6 1 2 3 4 13 30 35 40 45 14 25 16 15 18 17 19 20 5 Question 13 How do we determine the distance of stars that are too far for the parallax method to work? A Measure how many years light takes to come to us. B Use the HRD to find the absolute magnitude (M), than compare it to the apparent magnitude (m). C Find the temperature of the star on the HRD, than compare it with the color of the star. D Measure how large the star’s disk looks in the telescope. Next question coming …

sec 8 9 10 12 11 7 6 1 2 3 4 13 30 35 40 45 14 25 16 15 18 17 19 20 5 Question 14 Would the Sun be visible without a telescope from a distance of 10 parsec? A It would look as bright as the full Moon from Earth. B It would look like a very bright star. C It would be just visible to the naked eye. D It would be visible only with a very large telescope. E It would look too faint to see with any telescope at all.