The effects of non-contingent nicotine on responding for a weak reinforcer. The effects of non-contingent nicotine on responding for a weak reinforcer.

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Presentation transcript:

The effects of non-contingent nicotine on responding for a weak reinforcer. The effects of non-contingent nicotine on responding for a weak reinforcer. Responses in an operant chamber on a) the active lever, which turned out the house light for 20 s, and b) the inactive lever, which had no programmed consequences. The rats were given a subcutaneous injection of saline (□) or nicotine (▓; 0.4 mg·kg−1) 10 min before being placed in the operant chamber. Responses were measured over the course of the next 60 min. Response was measure on a fixed ratio (FR) schedule of reinforcement with a 20-s time-out between the availability of the reward. Data are reported for responding on an FR1, FR2 and FR5 schedule in which the rats were required to press once, twice or five times for the reinforcer. Pressing on the active lever was significantly higher than the inactive lever (F(1,20) = 28.1, p<0.001). In the rats treated with nicotine but not saline, the increase in response seen on the active lever as the FR increased was significant (F(2,20) = 9.4; p<0.001). This was significantly different from rats treated with saline. Data are expressed as mean±sem of six observations. *: p<0.05; **: p<0.01. (N. Montgomery and D.J.K. Balfour; unpublished data). D. J. K. Balfour Eur Respir Rev 2008;17:172-181 ©2008 by European Respiratory Society