Introduction to Plants Botany and Ecology
Warm Up: Describe your experience growing plants throughout your life. Would you consider yourself to be a novice, intermediate, or experienced gardener? How do you think this will impact your performance in this course? 5/7/2019 Add a footer
Botany Comes from the Greek word for “Plant” 1600’s: people began conducting experiments to see how plants grow 5/7/2019 Add a footer
Botany Includes: Plant systematics Evolutionary history of plants Plant anatomy and physiology Plant morphology Plant ecology Plant genetics 5/7/2019 Add a footer
Why Study Plants? Photosynthesis Sustains Life on Earth Oxygen Food Medicines Fuel, Shelter, Paper Products Why else 5/7/2019 Add a footer
Plant Characteristics and Diversity Organisms used to be classified as plants or animals-now 6 kingdoms: Plants, Animals, Protists, Fungi, Archaebacteria, Eubacteria After 1800’s: 5 characteristics that distinguish plants from other organisms 5/7/2019 Add a footer
1. Plants are Multicellular Eukaryotes Composed of many cells Eukaryotes Cells have a nucleus which contains the DNA 5/7/2019 Add a footer
2. Almost all plants are capable of photosynthesis Known as autotrophs Make their own food Distinguishes plants from mushrooms 5/7/2019 Add a footer
3. Plants have cell walls composed of cellulose Cellulose a.k.a. Fiber A chain of glucose molecules Gives structure and support to cell walls 5/7/2019 Add a footer
4. Plants have 2 Adult forms Spores Reproductive cells that can reproduce asexually Pollen and Egg Pollen fertilizes egg to produce an embryo (seed) that develops into an adult 5/7/2019 Add a footer
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5. Plants have a multicellular embryo protected within the female parent Prevents embryo from drying out Distinguishes plants from algae (even though they have chlorophyll most algae are classified as kingdom Protista, blue- green is kingdom Monera) 5/7/2019 Add a footer
Some Plants We’ll Study Gymnosperms Non-flowering seed plants Angiosperms Flowering seed plants 5/7/2019 Add a footer
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Plant Cell Diagram Color all of the cell organelles, following the directions colors for each structure. Write the function of the following parts on your diagram: Cell wall, plasma (cell) membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, nucleolus, chloroplast, mitochondrion, vacuole, ribosome, endoplasmic reticulum 5/7/2019 Add a footer
Warm Up Recall the plant cell… What 3 things make a plant cell different from an animal cell? 5/7/2019 Add a footer
Answers They make their own food No cell wall in animals They contain chloroplasts 5/7/2019 Add a footer
Vascular Tissue System What does “vascular” make you think of? Can you guess what this system does? A continuous system of tissues that conduct water, minerals, and food 5/7/2019 Add a footer
Xylem Brings water and mineral nutrients from the roots to the rest of the plants Forms a tube for water transport 5/7/2019 Add a footer
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Phloem Moves sugars and other organic nutrients from the leaves to the rest of the plant Photosynthesis takes place in the leaf, so the phloem transports it to where it’s needed 5/7/2019 Add a footer
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Plants grow at Meristems! Parts of the plant that grow through Cell Division! Tips of roots, ends of branches 5/7/2019 Add a footer
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Warm Up What part of a plant GROWS? The trunk, from the bottom up The roots, from the top down The branches, from the ends The roots, from the tips A & B C & D All of the above 5/7/2019 Add a footer
Leaf Characteristic Lab Choose 5 different leaves to examine Draw a detailed diagram of each leaf. What differences do you notice between the variety of leaves? 5/7/2019 Add a footer