Topic 18- Human Reproductive System Day 1-Female and Male Reproductive Systems

WHAT ARE WE LEARNING TODAY? BENCHMARK OBJECTIVE SC.912.L.16.13*- Describe the basic anatomy and physiology of the human reproductive system. I will Identify and describe the basic anatomy and physiology of the human reproductive system.

WHAT IS THE ESSENTIAL QUESTION? Human reproductive systems are essential for human life. Identify and describe the basic anatomy and physiology of the human reproductive system. Play the video and discuss

GALLERY WALK AND POWERNOTES Using your Power Notes, go through all of the Gallery Walk posters and take notes onto your power notes. Work quickly! Once finished, quietly return to your seat. We will review these notes.

What should I take away from the video? What is reproduction? What is the result of not being able to reproduce? What are the reproductive structures of humans called? What is fertilization?

What are the main functions of the female reproductive system? The organs of the female reproductive system are specialized for three major functions: To enable sperm to enter the body, to meet with the ova and create a fetus. The location where a baby develops. To protect the internal genital organs from infectious organisms.

“HI, I’M MARY! C’MON IN AND TAKE A LOOK!” The female reproductive system produces ova, a reproductive cell, or gamete. The ova is are produced by female gonads (sexual glands) called ovaries. All of them are present at birth.

HOW DOES THE OVA TRAVEL OUT OF THE BODY? In a woman's body the fallopian tube allows passage of the egg from the ovary to the uterus. The uterus, or womb, is a major female hormone- responsive reproductive sex organ. In the uterus, the fetus develops during gestation. One end, the cervix, opens into the vagina, while the other is connected to one or both fallopian tubes.

HOW DOES THE OVA TRAVEL OUT OF THE BODY? The cervix is the lower, narrow portion of the uterus where it joins with the top end of the vagina. The cervix has an opening to allow sperm and menstrual fluid to move through. The vagina is a sex organ with two main functions: sexual intercourse and childbirth. The vagina is a hollow muscular organ that joins the cervix (the lower part of uterus) to the outside of the body. The vaginal walls are lined in a mucus membrane for protection and to keep it moist.

What are the main functions of the male reproductive system? The organs of the male reproductive system are specialized for three major functions: To produce, maintain and transport sperm (the male reproductive cells) and protective fluid (semen) To discharge sperm within the female reproductive tract. To produce and secrete male sex hormones

“HI, I’M STANLEY! C’MON IN AND TAKE A LOOK!” Sperm refers to the male reproductive cells. The scrotum is a pouch-like structure that hangs behind the penis. It holds and protects the testes. It also contains numerous nerves and blood vessels. The testies are the male gonads. They produce sperm and hormones, mainly testosterone. The scrotum is outside the body bc the sperm need to be kept at a lower temperature than the bodies normal temperature.** Mammalian sperm cell consists of a head, a midpiece, and a tail.

HOW DOES THE SPERM TRAVEL OUT OF THE BODY? The epididymis is a whitish mass of tightly coiled tubes cupped against the testicles. It acts as a maturation and storage place for sperm before they pass into the vas deferens, tubes that carry sperm to the ampullary gland and prostatic ducts. The vas deferens, also known as the sperm duct, is a thin tube that starts from the epididymis to the pelvic cavity. Coiled epididymis-increases area to hold more.* The vas deferens, also known as the sperm duct, is a thin tube approximately 43.2 centimetres long that starts from the epididymis to the pelvic cavity.

HOW DOES THE SPERM TRAVEL OUT OF THE BODY? Seminal vesicles are sac-like structures attached to the vas deferens at one side of the bladder. They produce a sticky, yellowish fluid. This fluid provides sperm cells energy. The urethra is a tube that connects the urinary bladder to the genitals for the removal of fluids from the body. In males, the urethra travels through the penis, and carries semen as well as urine. The vas deferens, also known as the sperm duct, is a thin tube approximately 43.2 centimetres long that starts from the epididymis to the pelvic cavity.

HOW DOES THE SPERM TRAVEL OUT OF THE BODY? The prostate gland surrounds the ejaculatory ducts at the base of the urethra, just below the bladder. The prostate gland is responsible for the production of semen, a liquid mixture of sperm cells, prostate fluid and seminal fluid. The penis is the male sex organ. It releases the sperm from the body. The vas deferens, also known as the sperm duct, is a thin tube approximately 43.2 centimetres long that starts from the epididymis to the pelvic cavity.

INDEPENDENT PRACTICE Get a Reinforcement Worksheet. Read the paragraph summary and answer questions 1-4. File your student work in your student folder. Comment on at least 4 assignments.

Collaborative Activity In the female reproductive system diagrams, place the labels that identify each part of the female reproductive system and their function To the Teacher: The following questions are to be used during activity to engage students and have them to critically think about the male reproductive system structure and function. What is the function of the uterus? The uterus is the organ in the female reproductive system in which an embryo can implant and develop into a fetus. How are eggs and sperm similar and how are they different? Both are gametes that contain half the number of chromosomes. Maturing eggs are large and highly complex cells that grow nearly 200,000 times larger than the more simply structured sperm cells. Sperms cells are equipped with flagella for movement, whereas egg cells are not. There are millions of sperm made per month, while usually one egg is ovulated. What might happen of two or more eggs were released from the ovaries at the same the same time? More than one egg might be fertilized, causing more than one fetus to develop. The word cervix means “neck” in Latin. Do you think this is an appropriate name for this structure? Explain your answer. Answer will vary but could include the similarity of the cervix to the neck of a bottle or that like our neck it connects to parts. Why is the significantly larger size of an egg an evolutionary advantage? The greater amount of cytoplasm supply the egg with energy and material needed to complete several cell divisions. Why is the significantly larger amount of sperm produced by males an evolutionary advantage? It increases the chances of a successful fertilization. Trace the path of an egg through the female reproductive system. Ovaries are the site of egg production. Once an egg is released from the ovaries, it travels through the Fallopian tube, the site of fertilization, to the uterus. If the egg is fertilized, it will remain in the uterus for growth and development. If the egg is not fertilized, it will be discarded during menstruation through the cervix and vagina.

___testes ___prostate ___penis ___ovum ___vagina ___ovary Identify the following structures of the male and female reproductive system. Can you think of any structures that have the same function in both systems? ___testes ___prostate ___penis ___ovum ___vagina ___ovary ___uterus ___vas deferens ___cervix ___fallopian tube To the Teacher: Hand out the students It Takes Two worksheet (Bell Ringer) found in Day 3 folder. Ask students to explain the functions of each structure.