The Nervous System Warm Up Section 1 List as many functions of the brain as you can. Don’t forget that in addition to controlling your body, your brain is also occupied with thinking. How do you suppose your brain can coordinate all these functions? Record your ideas in your science binder. Header first line (section#) – white 24 points Arial Bold Header second line (title) – white 28 points Arial Bold Title – yellow 28 points Arial Bold Body text – white24 points Arial and Arial Bold Bullets – yellow Copyright – white 12 points Arial Background name: HST-Presentation_blue.jpg, Size: Height: 7.52" Width: 10.02" Scale: 70% Position on slide: Horizontal - 0" Vertical - 0" Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Two Systems Within a System Section 1 The Nervous System Two Systems Within a System The CNS and PNS The nervous system has two parts: the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system. The central nervous system (CNS) is your brain and spinal cord. The CNS processes and responds to all messages coming from the peripheral nervous system. The peripheral nervous system (PNS) is all of the parts of the nervous system except for the brain and the spinal cord. Header first line (section#) – white 24 points Arial Bold Header second line (title) – white 28 points Arial Bold Title – yellow 28 points Arial Bold Body text – white24 points Arial and Arial Bold Bullets – yellow Copyright – white 12 points Arial Background name: HST-Presentation_blue.jpg, Size: Height: 7.52" Width: 10.02" Scale: 70% Position on slide: Horizontal - 0" Vertical - 0" End of Slide Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
The Peripheral Nervous System Section 1 The Nervous System The Peripheral Nervous System Neuron Structure A neuron is a nerve cell that is specialized to transfer messages in the form of fast-moving electrical energy. The structure of a neuron is shown on the next slide. Information Collection Some neurons are sensory neurons. These neurons gather information about what is happening in and around your body. Delivering Orders Neurons that send impulses from the brain and spinal cord to other systems are called motor neurons. Header first line (section#) – white 24 points Arial Bold Header second line (title) – white 28 points Arial Bold Title – yellow 28 points Arial Bold Body text – white24 points Arial and Arial Bold Bullets – yellow Copyright – white 12 points Arial Background name: HST-Presentation_blue.jpg, Size: Height: 7.52" Width: 10.02" Scale: 70% Position on slide: Horizontal - 0" Vertical - 0" End of Slide Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
A Typical Neuron Section 1 Header first line (section#) – white 24 points Arial Bold Header second line (title) – white 28 points Arial Bold Title – navy 28 points Arial Bold Body text – black 24 points Arial and Arial Bold Bullets – navy Copyright – white 12 points Arial Background name: HST-Presentation_white.jpg Size: Height: 7.52" Width: 10.02" Scale: 70% Position on slide: Horizontal - 0" Vertical - 0" Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
The Nervous System Nerves Section 1 What Is a Nerve? The central nervous system is connected to the rest of your body by nerves. A nerve is a collection of axons bundled together with blood vessels and connective tissue. The structure of a nerve is shown on the next slide. Header first line (section#) – white 24 points Arial Bold Header second line (title) – white 28 points Arial Bold Title – yellow 28 points Arial Bold Body text – white24 points Arial and Arial Bold Bullets – yellow Copyright – white 12 points Arial Background name: HST-Presentation_blue.jpg, Size: Height: 7.52" Width: 10.02" Scale: 70% Position on slide: Horizontal - 0" Vertical - 0" End of Slide Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Section 1 What Is a Nerve? Header first line (section#) – white 24 points Arial Bold Header second line (title) – white 28 points Arial Bold Title – navy 28 points Arial Bold Body text – black 24 points Arial and Arial Bold Bullets – navy Copyright – white 12 points Arial Background name: HST-Presentation_white.jpg Size: Height: 7.52" Width: 10.02" Scale: 70% Position on slide: Horizontal - 0" Vertical - 0" Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Somatic and Autonomic Nervous Systems Section 1 The Nervous System Somatic and Autonomic Nervous Systems Somatic Nervous System Most of the neurons that are part of the somatic nervous system are under your conscious control. Autonomic Nervous System Autonomic nerves do not need your conscious control. These neurons are part of the autonomic nervous system. The autonomic nervous system controls body functions that you don’t think about, such as digestion and heart rate. Header first line (section#) – white 24 points Arial Bold Header second line (title) – white 28 points Arial Bold Title – yellow 28 points Arial Bold Body text – white24 points Arial and Arial Bold Bullets – yellow Copyright – white 12 points Arial Background name: HST-Presentation_blue.jpg, Size: Height: 7.52" Width: 10.02" Scale: 70% Position on slide: Horizontal - 0" Vertical - 0" End of Slide Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
The Central Nervous System Section 1 The Nervous System The Central Nervous System The Brain The brain, illustrated on the next slide, is the main control center of the nervous system. The Cerebrum The cerebrum is where you think and where most memories are stored. It has two halves, called hemispheres. Header first line (section#) – white 24 points Arial Bold Header second line (title) – white 28 points Arial Bold Title – yellow 28 points Arial Bold Body text – white24 points Arial and Arial Bold Bullets – yellow Copyright – white 12 points Arial Background name: HST-Presentation_blue.jpg, Size: Height: 7.52" Width: 10.02" Scale: 70% Position on slide: Horizontal - 0" Vertical - 0" End of Slide Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
The Central Nervous System continued Section 1 The Nervous System The Central Nervous System continued The Cerebellum The cerebellum processes sensory information from your body, such as from skeletal muscles and joints. The Medulla The medulla controls involuntary processes such as blood pressure, body temperature, heart rate, and involuntary breathing. Header first line (section#) – white 24 points Arial Bold Header second line (title) – white 28 points Arial Bold Title – yellow 28 points Arial Bold Body text – white24 points Arial and Arial Bold Bullets – yellow Copyright – white 12 points Arial Background name: HST-Presentation_blue.jpg, Size: Height: 7.52" Width: 10.02" Scale: 70% Position on slide: Horizontal - 0" Vertical - 0" End of Slide Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
The Regions of the Brain Section 1 The Regions of the Brain Header first line (section#) – white 24 points Arial Bold Header second line (title) – white 28 points Arial Bold Title – navy 28 points Arial Bold Body text – black 24 points Arial and Arial Bold Bullets – navy Copyright – white 12 points Arial Background name: HST-Presentation_white.jpg Size: Height: 7.52" Width: 10.02" Scale: 70% Position on slide: Horizontal - 0" Vertical - 0" Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
The Nervous System The Spinal Cord Section 1 Route to the Brain The spinal cord is made of neurons and bundles of axons that pass impulses to and from the brain. As you can see on the next slide, the spinal cord is surrounded by protective bones called vertebrae. Spinal Cord Injury A spinal cord injury may block all information to and from the brain. Each year, thousands of people are paralyzed by spinal cord injuries. Many of these injuries happen in car accidents and could be avoided by wearing a seat belt. Header first line (section#) – white 24 points Arial Bold Header second line (title) – white 28 points Arial Bold Title – yellow 28 points Arial Bold Body text – white24 points Arial and Arial Bold Bullets – yellow Copyright – white 12 points Arial Background name: HST-Presentation_blue.jpg, Size: Height: 7.52" Width: 10.02" Scale: 70% Position on slide: Horizontal - 0" Vertical - 0" End of Slide Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
The Spinal Cord Section 1 Header first line (section#) – white 24 points Arial Bold Header second line (title) – white 28 points Arial Bold Title – navy 28 points Arial Bold Body text – black 24 points Arial and Arial Bold Bullets – navy Copyright – white 12 points Arial Background name: HST-Presentation_white.jpg Size: Height: 7.52" Width: 10.02" Scale: 70% Position on slide: Horizontal - 0" Vertical - 0" Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.