Evidence for Evolution Ideas that shaped Darwin’s thinking

The story of the Soapberry bug and the antibiotic resistant bacteria.

Natural selection is a process of editing, not a creative mechanism. A drug/fruit does not create a different species it selects for specific traits in a population that allow it to survive it that specific environment.

Ideas that shaped Darwin’s thinking Prior to Darwin’s Theory of Evolution there were 4 scientists that had their own ideas and theory’s 1. Hutton 2.Lyell 3.Lamarck 4. Malthus The Rock Boys!! The Math guy!

James Hutton Helped scientists understand that Earth is many millions of years old Processes that changed the Earth in the past are the same processes that operate in the present

Charles Lyell In Lyell’s book: Principles of Geology Rock Cycle: Volcanoes and Earthquakes Erosion continues to carve out canyons.

Uniformitarianism Uniformitarianism: the natural laws and processes that operate in the universe now, have always operated in the past. How do you pronounce that?? Uniformitarianism

Jean-Baptiste Lamarck Use or disuse of organs, organisms acquired or lost certain traits during their lifetime. Traits could then be passed on to their offspring.

Thomas Robert Malthus Malthus reasoned that if the human population continued to grow unchecked, sooner or later there would be insufficient living space and food for everyone. Supporting Darwin’s thought that only those who have the best traits for the environment will find the space, food, etc.

Thomas Robert Malthus He theorized that there was a “carrying capacity” in every habitat/ environment Populations will naturally get checked by famine, disease etc.

Darwin’s Theory of Evolution 1. Change over time, common ancestor Pre-existing variation 2. Variation within a population or species Everyone is just a little different 3. Natural selection Adaptations Survival of the fittest

Darwin’s Evidences 1. Fossil Record 2.Biogeography: Geographical Distribution 3. Vestigial Organs 4. Similarities in Structure Homologous Structures 5. Similarities in Early development Embryology Yes, I can support it!

1. Fossil Record Preserved remains or markings left by organisms that lived in the past are called fossils.

Comparing fossils to present day organisms not only show changes but also what species have become extinct. Position of fossils can reveal their age. Younger Older

2. BIogeography Organisms in different parts of the world shared similarities (continental drift) Ex. Endemic species

3. Vestigial Organs Organs of many animals are so reduced in size that they are just vestiges, or traces, of homologous organs in other species I have a pelvis!!!

4. Similarities in structures Homologous structure: same basic structure but different function Analogous structure: same basic function, but do not have the same basic structure

Homologous Homologous structures: similar structures but have different function Derived from a common ancestor; different environment conditions Ex. Forelimb

Analogous Analogous structures: similar function but not similar in structure Not derived from a common ancestor; same environmental conditions Ex. A butterfly wing and a bird wing

5. Similarities in Early development Common pattern in the development In their early stages, chickens, turtles, and rats look similar, providing evidence that they shared a common ancestor Posterior tail, pharyngeal pouches

Lets Play a Game Adopt an Embryo! Select one embryo to adopt as your own!!

Class Activity Adopt an Embryo! 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Adopt and Embryo Stage 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Adopt an Embryo Stage 3

Darwin’s Evidences 1. Fossil Record 2.Biogeography: Geographical Distribution 3. Vestigial Organs 4. Similarities in Structure Homologous Structures 5. Similarities in Early development Embryology Yes, I can support it!

Evolution….”just a theory”…. Life has changed over time, documented and supported

Homologous vs. Analogous Activity Homologous Structure Analogous Structure Same Structure different function Same function different structure Instructions: Read Define Color Chart Answer Questions