LESSONS FROM CRM TRAINING Carey Edwards CRM Advisory Panel & LMQ Ltd

Method A

CRM REQUIREMENTS ICAO JAR OPS 1 – Sub Part O AIC 1993

X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

Dryden Accident Dryden Canada 1989 Winter Air Ontario F28 Aircraft was late due to delays Capt went into Ops to complain about delays (Imposing stress on himself) Further delay due to late passengers Asked base manager to de-ice (Good decision)

Dryden 2 Base manager said it wasn’t necessary. Captain did not insist. (Not assertive) While waiting to taxi a snow shower dumped new snow on wings.(Lack of SA) Passengers complained to Cabin Crew about ice.(Good for speaking up) Cabin Crew did not report to Capt. (Poor communication)

Dryden 3 Aircraft began take off (Poor decision) Failed to get airborne Crashed with 40+ fatalities

Good CRM Leadership Advocacy Cognitive decision making Interpersonal relationships Right power gradient Information acquisition Team synergy

Good CRM (Contd) Threat management Communication Situation Awareness Metacognition Cross cultural perspectives

SITUATION AWARENESS The perception of the elements of the environment within a volume of time and space, greatly motivated by the understanding that one’s perception of reality differs from reality; the comprehension of the meaning of the different elements of the environment without over-reliance on default values, and the projection of their status in the near future whilst maintaining multiple goals and habitual schema.

CRM TEST What does CRM stand for? Is Communication part of CRM? Why are we doing CRM training?

Method B

The CRMI Scheme Purpose of the Accreditation Scheme Instruction & Examining interlinked Competence based Short Guide Standards 3 Contexts – Line / Sim / Ground Basic requirements – IT course

What has happened Grandfather rights Set the bar low - Role model CRM standards - Ability to present CRM - Ability to facilitate - Making an impact / changing attitudes Awareness training rather than skills training Background and credibility question Close community – In house CRMIEs Made a difference?

Any Questions?