Synchrotron Science and User Program at SSRL A Brief Overview for the Context of LCLS Presented to the DOE Review of the LCLS Project Keith O. Hodgson, SSRL Director August 10, 2004

SSRL – One of the Four DOE Light Source User Facilities – Provides a Context for the Future LCLS Science Program SSRL program begun in 1973, parasitic on the SPEAR high energy physics program - dedicated and funded by US DOE and a Division of SLAC since 1993. Pioneered many innovations in SR source technology and instrumentation. SSRL, a SLAC Division, operates a large general user program. Currently over 2000 users on more than 400 active proposals. More than 600 Ph.D. theses at over 100 institutions in the US and worldwide have used SSRL resources. More than 6500 publications have been reported utilizing SSRL resources since 1973. SSRL has research and user activities covering a wide range of basic and applied sciences, including new materials (magnetic, complex, polymers, biomedical), surfaces/interfaces and catalysis, environmental, nuclear stockpile stewardship, structural biology, imaging of nanostructured and bio-materials and studies of ultrafast phenomena.

What are Some Distinguishing Characteristics of SSRL’s Success that are Relevant to Planning the LCLS Science Program? Primarily a General User Facility (rather than PRT- or CAT-based) Integrated approach to operations and management - including hardware, computer systems and control software – of all beam lines. In appropriate areas (e.g. structural biology) integrated programs funded from multiple sources is the model used. ES&H is centrally managed/coordinated in close cooperation with the SLAC ES&H Division.  the basis of the operational model planned for LCLS Focus on High Level of User Service, Support and Satisfaction Centralized Proposal Review System is very effective, transparent in process and responsive. Continually reflected in user surveys and reports.  essential for most efficient and rapid development of LCLS science program Intellectual Leadership from SSRL Faculty and Close Ties with Stanford Campus SSRL has a faculty of 19 members, of which 12 hold joint appointments with campus departments in 3 different schools. These faculty – in collaboration with scientists outside of SSRL – have contributed many innovations in synchrotron source development and synchrotron methodologies.  will provide the future means to attract and retain outstanding faculty at SSRL to innovate and drive science enabled by LCLS The SLAC Environment SLAC is a world class laboratory in electron accelerators and accelerator physics. Scientific and technical expertise are a central components of many aspects of developing linac-based light sources like LCLS.  key aspect of rapid progress to date, in first phase of LCLS and in future developments in source performance

A Strategic Vision Built Upon Enabling Evolutionary and Revolutionary SR Accelerator Facilities at SSRL/SLAC FY03 FY04 FY05 FY06 FY07 FY08 FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 constr/install operation 3 GeV, low emittance intermediate energy x-ray light source (18 nm-rad), high current (500 mA) - providing enhanced photon beams (1-2 orders of magnitude more flux and brightness than SPEAR2) 7-month installation complete (on time and within budget) – first commissioning phase also complete - user program resumed (March, 2004) Expansion capacity for new beam lines – 7 ID and 14 bend – first two ID lines already in design/construction – soft x-ray and hard x-ray undulators constr commis / operation Pioneering experiment begun in 2003 (ends in 2006) using SLAC linac with added bunch compressor and undulator to produce 80 fsec x-ray pulses First direct experience with properties and applications of a high brightness, short pulse linac driven x-ray light source. Strong synergy between accelerator and photon science and valuable experience for LCLS science and technology World’s first x-ray FEL - in 2nd year of PED funding - CD2a approval by DOE (6/03) authorizes advance procurements ($30M) - in FY2005 President’s budget We believe LCLS to be technically sufficiently mature and risks well understood to begin construction in FY2006 with first laser commissioning in early FY2008 (Fall, 2007) and project completion by beginning of FY2009 Now designed with substantial headroom for future expansion of both performance and capacity to serve the Nation’s needs through the next decade and beyond Project Engineering and Design construction constr / commis operation Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center

SPEAR3 – The First 9 Months – I

SPEAR3 – The First 9 Months – II On March 8 – first beam was brought into an experimental hutch (BL9-3). BL9-3 was also the first station to be scheduled for users, who measured the first data set on March 15 – less than a year after the start of the SPEAR3 installation. Benefits of the at-energy injection became immediately clear – typical fill times are a few minutes as compared to 20-30 minutes with SPEAR2. Systems are in place to implement top-off mode in the future once other goals (stable high current running) have been achieved and radiation safety questions/issues have been worked out. Lifetimes rapidly improved and moved to 3 fills/day.

SPEAR3 – The First 9 Months – III As of mid July, 2004 – 10 of 11 beam lines have been certified by radiation physics and opened. On these beam lines, 20 experimental stations were operational/scheduled On July 31, 2004 – first user run ended – integrated delivery since first users in mid-March was 97.1% On January 29 – SLAC held a gala celebration to dedicate the new SPEAR3 accelerator – event drew more than 800 people from SLAC, Stanford, and the local and regional communities On August 13 – the SPEAR3 project team will be recognized by a Secretary of Energy’s Project Management Award

LCLS – Beginning the Science Program Call for Letters of Intent Broad call issued in April Replies received June 21 – included 32 LOIs involving 256 investigators representing 91 institutions LCLS SAC met July 8-9 SAC LCLS SAC Recommendations All LOIs reviewed by SAC Recommended initial program be organized around 5 themes AMO science Coherent scattering at the nanoscale Pump/probe diffraction dynamics Nano-particle and single molecule (non-periodic) imaging Pump/probe high energy density physics Recommended team leaders Specific recommendations on mechanisms of implementation Process, outcome and plans will be covered in more detail by J. Hastings 4pm Tuesday afternoon

LCLS Beginning the Science Program – the Ultrafast Science Center at Stanford Proposal submitted to DOE-BES early in May Reviewed very expediently by DOE – notice of award received in July Initial focus of Center effort is in two main and one exploratory areas AMO physics Materials sciences and magnetism Non-periodic and single molecule imaging Faculty and research activities to develop and push boundaries of ultrafast science with both x-rays and electrons Significant interdisciplinary research in collaboration with outside groups Additional Support for Ultrafast Science Research Program Stanford University is committed to, and actively seeking, additional 3rd party investments to complement that from DOE. These include faculty chair endowments and complementary funding for new initiatives

For More Information Please Visit Our “On-Line” Source of Information and News …and a new set of LCLS www pages SSRL - http://www-ssrl.slac.stanford.edu SSRL news - http://www-ssrl.slac.stanford.edu/ newsletters/headlines/headlines.html LCLS - http://www-ssrl.slac.stanford.edu/lcls/

And All This is Only Possible with Strong Support of . . . SSRL operations and research in materials science and chemistry is funded by the Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences Additional support for the SSRL structural biology program is provided by LCLS Major Collaborating Institutions LLNL UCLA