Imperfect & Perfect Tenses Stage 6

Latin Tenses Tense comes from the Latin word tempus meaning time. Tense describes when the action of the verb is set. In English there are three main tenses: present, past and future. These may be broken down into subgroups (e.g. progressive present, simple present, etc) In Latin there are six tenses, which show similar variations to the English subgroups.

Latin Tenses II The Latin tenses are: Present: right now Imperfect: incomplete, continuous or progressive action in the past. Perfect: completed action in the past, simple past Pluperfect: prior past, action that happened before another past action. Future: action yet to happen Future Perfect: action that will be finished before some point in the future

Present, Imperfect & Perfect

Present Tense All the stories in Stages 1-5 were set in the present, and in every sentence the verb was in the present tense. The present tense verb can be translated several ways: ambulat walks, is walking, does walk

Present Tense: exercises 1. ego ancillam vendō. 2. tū vīnum bibis. 3. Caecilius amīcum salūtat. 4. amīci in tablinō dormiunt. 5. ego sum discipulus. 6. tū es in ludō. 7. Caecilius est argentārius. 8. puerī sunt laetī.

Imperfect Tense This Past tense describes action that happened before but was either habitual, continuous or incomplete. Best translated: was/were __ing, kept __ing, used to __. They used to live in Africa. The boy was walking in the mall yesterday.

Imperfect II The imperfect tense is easily recognizable in Latin because of the tense sign ba, which occurs just before the typical ending of the verb. in Africa habitabant. puer in foro ambulabat.

Imperfect Tense: exercises 1. poēta versum recitābat. 2. Metella in hortō sedēbat. 3. servī per viam ambulābant. 4. servī in vīllā labōrābant. 5. Quīntus erat fortis. 6. servī erant perterriti.

Perfect Tense The perfect tense in Latin describes action that happened at a precise time in the past or action that was completed. Best translated: __ed, did ___, has/have __ed. The farmer punched the merchant. The students yelled at Suhaib.

Perfect Tense II The perfect tense verb in Latin has several indicators to show that it is perfect. The one which you have seen so far is the v just before the verb ending (also, the plural ending is –erunt). agricola mercatorem pulsavit. discipuli Suhaib vituperaverunt.

Perfect Tense: exercises 1. coquus culinam intrāvit. 2. Clēmēns clāmōrem audīvit. 3. servī ad tabernam festināvērunt. 4. amīcī Caecilium salūtāvērunt.