The Growth of Revolutionary Ideas Pt. 1 US History Mrs. Housenick 9/6/12

The Growth of Revolutionary Ideas 1. The Glorious Revolution of 1688 (In England) --Peaceful transfer of power from unpopular king and queen to new monarchs chosen by people. 2

The Glorious Revolution ctnd. CONSEQUENCES IN AMERICA --English Bill of Rights very influential. --Made many Americans want certain rights guaranteed here. --Showed Americans the possibility of getting rid of unpopular rulers. --People had power if they used it! 3

The Growth of Rev. Ideas ctnd. 2. The Enlightenment European intellectual and cultural movement New ideas about government Philosophers ideas had influence here in US 4

The Enlightenment ctnd. Made Americans question old ideas about government, especially monarchy Rousseau—social contract People and government agree to contract. If government breaks, people have right to get rid of government. Montesquieu—separation of powers Government power should be divided among different branches, not given to one person. 5

Enlightenment ctnd. John Locke’s Political Theories (1690) Natural rights LIFE, LIBERTY AND PROPERTY Power from the people Justified rebellion Tabula Rasa (blank slate theory) 6

The Growth of Revolutionary Ideas Pt. 2 US History Mrs. Housenick 9/7/12

The Growth of Rev. Ideas ctnd. 3. The Great Awakening (1740) --Resurgence of religious fervor all over colonies --Revival meetings lead by Jonathan Edwards and other traveling preachers --People in America left traditional Puritan churches for new ones where they felt more connected to God 8

Great Awakening Revival Meeting

From Jonathan Edwards: Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God So that thus it is, that natural men are held in the hand of God over the pit of hell; they have deserved the fiery pit, and are already sentenced to it; and God is dreadfully provoked, his anger is as great towards them as to those that are actually suffering the executions of the fierceness of his wrath in hell, and they have done nothing in the least to appease or abate that anger, neither is God in the least bound by any promise to hold 'em up one moment; the devil is waiting for them, hell is gaping for them, the flames gather and flash about them…

Great Awakening ctnd. CONSEQUENCES: New religious groups—Baptists, Presbyterians, Methodists New message that everyone is equal under God Beginnings of colonists challenging traditional authority here in US --Because they were challenging traditional church, also began to think about challenging British government.

4. Economic frustrations “The hatters of England have prevailed to obtain an act in their own favor restraining that manufacture in America…In the same manner have a few nail makers and still smaller body of steelmakers (perhaps there are not half a dozen of these in England) prevailed totally to forbid by an act of Parliament the erecting of slitting mills or steel furnaces in America; that Americans may be obliged to take all their nails for their buildings and steel for their tools from these [British] craft workers.” Benjamin Franklin, early 1700s

Economic Frustrations ctnd. Britain followed mercantilism—economic system where one country uses its colonies only for its own economic gain, doesn’t allow colonial economy to grow for own sake Wanted colonies only to produce raw materials for Britain, and forbade colonies from selling products to any other countries. Navigation Acts Limited what Americans could produce, had to ship products on British owned ships

Economic Frustrations ctnd. British passed new taxes and regulations on colonists to help make money for British crown/empire Sugar Act--first new tax Quartering Act--Americans must house British soldiers Stamp Act—first direct tax all Americans had to pay Colonists organize boycotts, “NO TAXATION WITHOUT REPRESENTATION!!!

Economic Frustrations ctnd. CONSEQUENCES: Colonists refuse to pay taxes--leads to many violent confrontations between British army and colonial militias Boston Massacre Boston Tea Party Colonists organize boycott of all British products, raise large colonial army Shots fired at Lexington and Concord--> Revolutionary War