Transmission electron micrograph from a rat lung subjected to ischaemia/reperfusion injury. Transmission electron micrograph from a rat lung subjected to ischaemia/reperfusion injury. For details about the experimental conditions see [41, 42]. Three alveolar lumina can be seen, one of which is partly filled with protein-rich oedema fluid (Oed). The alveolar epithelial type II cell contains several lamellar bodies (LB). Intra-alveolar surfactant material (arrow) is present within oedema fluid. The blood–air barrier shows swellings of alveolar epithelial type I (Epi) and capillary endothelial (Endo) cells. Scale bar = 1 μm. M. Ochs Eur Respir Rev 2006;15:115-121 ©2006 by European Respiratory Society