PAAND is driven by local inflammasome activation and IL-1β production

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Fig. 4. PAAND is driven by local inflammasome activation and IL-1β production. PAAND is driven by local inflammasome activation and IL-1β production. (A) Monocytes were purified from three PAAND patients and three healthy controls before stimulation for 1 hour with LPS ± adenosine triphosphate (ATP), or ± TcdB. Mature IL-1β was measured in the supernatant. Means + SD for n = 3. (B) Immunofluorescence staining for cleaved caspase-1, IL-1β, and pro–IL-1β in healthy control skin and an affected biopsy from patient III.3 (scale bars, 200 μm). DAPI, 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole. (C) CRP levels were measured before and after treatment with anakinra (100 mg/day) (day 0) in UK patient G1. Dashed line indicates 3-year average CRP level before treatment, arrow indicates initiation of treatment, ticks indicate sample points, and gray zone indicates normal CRP range. Seth L. Masters et al., Sci Transl Med 2016;8:332ra45 Published by AAAS