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Volume 75, Issue 6, Pages 596-604 (March 2009) Amitriptyline attenuates interstitial inflammation and ameliorates the progression of renal fibrosis Eduardo Achar, Thiago T. Maciel, Carlos F. Collares, Vicente P.C. Teixeira, Nestor Schor Kidney International Volume 75, Issue 6, Pages 596-604 (March 2009) DOI: 10.1038/ki.2008.578 Copyright © 2009 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Interstitial renal fibrosis. Sections of contralateral kidneys, nontreated obstructed kidneys (UUO), and amitriptyline-treated obstructed kidneys (UUO+AMT), stained with the Masson's trichrome stain, 5 days after the procedure. Each image was randomly acquired from the cortex area and is representative for 5 animals. Original magnification × 200. Kidney International 2009 75, 596-604DOI: (10.1038/ki.2008.578) Copyright © 2009 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 α-Smooth muscle actin expression. Representative interstitial α-smooth muscle actin expression in contralateral kidneys, nontreated obstructed kidneys (UUO), and amitriptyline-treated obstructed kidneys (UUO+AMT) after 1, 3, 5, or 10 days of the procedure. Each image was randomly acquired from the cortex area and is representative for five animals. Original magnification × 200. Kidney International 2009 75, 596-604DOI: (10.1038/ki.2008.578) Copyright © 2009 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Macrophage infiltration. Representative macrophage (CD-68 positive) infiltration in contralateral kidneys, nontreated obstructed kidneys (UUO), and amitriptyline-treated obstructed kidneys (UUO+AMT) after 1, 3, 5, or 10 days of the procedure. Each image was randomly acquired from the cortex area and is representative for five animals. Original magnification × 200. Kidney International 2009 75, 596-604DOI: (10.1038/ki.2008.578) Copyright © 2009 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 4 Gene expression analysis. qPCR for TGF-β1 (a), osteopontin (b), MCP-1 (c), and ICAM-1 (d) in nontreated obstructed kidneys (UUO) and amitriptyline-treated obstructed kidneys (UUO+AMT). Data expressed as mRNA expression relation between obstructed/contralateral kidneys. Each bar represents the mean±s.e.m. for at least five mice (*P<0.05, **P<0.01). Kidney International 2009 75, 596-604DOI: (10.1038/ki.2008.578) Copyright © 2009 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 5 α-Smooth muscle actin expression. Representative interstitial α-smooth muscle actin expression in nontreated obstructed kidneys (UUO), amitriptyline-treated obstructed kidneys (UUO+AMT), mycophenolate mofetil-treated obstructed kidneys (UUO+MMF), and X-irradiated obstructed kidneys (UUO+XI), after 5 days of the procedure. Each image was randomly acquired from the cortex area and is representative for five animals. Original magnification × 200. Kidney International 2009 75, 596-604DOI: (10.1038/ki.2008.578) Copyright © 2009 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 6 Macrophage infiltration. Representative macrophage (CD-68 positive) infiltration in nontreated obstructed kidneys (UUO), amitriptyline-treated obstructed kidneys (UUO+AMT), mycophenolate mofetil-treated obstructed kidneys (UUO+MMF), and X-irradiated obstructed kidneys (UUO+XI), after 5 days of the procedure. Each image was randomly acquired from the cortex area and is representative for five animals. Original magnification × 200. Kidney International 2009 75, 596-604DOI: (10.1038/ki.2008.578) Copyright © 2009 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 7 Gene expression analysis. qPCR for TGF-β1 (a), osteopontin (b), MCP-1 (c), and ICAM-1 (d) in contralateral kidneys, nontreated obstructed kidneys (UUO), amitriptyline-treated obstructed kidneys (AMT), mycophenolate mofetil-treated obstructed kidneys (MMF), and X-irradiated obstructed kidneys (Xi), after 5 days of the procedure. Data expressed as mRNA expression relation between obstructed/contralateral kidneys. Each bar represents the mean±s.e.m. for at least five mice (*P<0.05 and **P<0.01 vs nontreated obstructed kidneys, #P<0.01 between treatments). Kidney International 2009 75, 596-604DOI: (10.1038/ki.2008.578) Copyright © 2009 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions