Sensory Cranial Nerves
Human Anatomy, Frolich, Head/Neck IV: Cranial Nerves Special Sense Nerves I,II,VIII Somatic Motor Nerves Eye—III,IV,VI Tongue--XII “Rest of body” nerves IX,X,XI Face and jaws VII, V Human Anatomy, Frolich, Head/Neck IV: Cranial Nerves 1
Nerve “targets” in head SENSORY Special General Smell skin Vision teeth Hearing eye tongue oral cavity nasal cavity middle ear throat meninges MOTOR Muscles Glands eyes salivary extrinsic sweat intrinsic lacrimal jaws mucous facial expression larynx tongue throat ear Human Anatomy, Frolich, Head/Neck IV: Cranial Nerves 3
Base of the skull—cranial nerves out Ethmoid (olfactory) I. Olfactory Sphenoid (optic) II. Optic III. Oculomotor IV. Trochlear VI. Abducens Temporal (otic) VII. Acoustic/Auditory/ Vestibulocochlear Face/Jaws V. Trigeminal VII. Facial Throat (rest of body) IX Glossopharyngeal X. Vagus XI. Spinal Accessory XII. Hypoglosal Human Anatomy, Frolich, Head/Neck IV: Cranial Nerves 4
Cranial nerves
Cranial nerves
Human Anatomy, Frolich, Head/Neck IV: Cranial Nerves Special Sense Nerves Internal auditory meatus (temporal) Inner ear VIII. Auditory Optic canal (sphenoid) Retina II. Optic Cribiform plate (ethmoid) Olfactory epithelium I. Olfactory EXIT FROM CRANIAL CAVITY TARGET NERVE Human Anatomy, Frolich, Head/Neck IV: Cranial Nerves 5
Somatic Motor Nerves (eye muscles and tongue) EXIT CR. CAVITY TARGET NERVE Hypoglossal canal (occipital) Intrinsic, extrinsic mm. of tongue XII. Hypoglossal “ Sup.,med.,inf.rectus Inferior Oblique Levator palpebrae superioris III. Oculomotor (Also parasympathetic to ciliary mm, constrictor pupillae) Lateral rectus VI. Abducens Sup. Orbital fissure (sphenoid) Superior oblique m. (with trochlea) IV. Trochlear Human Anatomy, Frolich, Head/Neck IV: Cranial Nerves 7
“Rest of body” nerves (all exit from jugular foramen) Human Anatomy, Frolich, Head/Neck IV: Cranial Nerves 11
Human Anatomy, Frolich, Head/Neck IV: Cranial Nerves 18
Cranial Nerves I: Olfactory II: Optic III: Oculomotor IV: Trochlear V: Trigeminal VI: Abducens VII: Facial VIII:Vestibulocochlear Acoustic IX: Glossopharyngeal X: Vagus XI: Accessory XII: Hypoglossal http://www.gwc.maricopa.edu/class/bio201/cn/cranial.htm
Mnemonic On Old Olympus’ Tower Top A Fin And German Viewed A Hop
MNEMONIC OLFACTORY OPTIC OCULOMOTOR TROCHLEAR TRIGEMINAL ABDUCENS FACIAL VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL VAGUS ACCESSORY HYPOGLOSSAL OH ONCE ONE TAKES THE ANATOMY FINAL VERY GOOD VACATION A-HEAD
SENSORY NERVES Cranial nerve I Olfactory Cranial nerve II Optic Cranial nerve VIII Acoustovestibular
Gertz 1991
CN I: OLFACTORY Cranial nerve I Function: Clinical test for damage: smell Clinical test for damage: determine whether a person can smell something aromatic
Human Anatomy, Frolich, Head/Neck IV: Cranial Nerves M&M, Table 14.3 Human Anatomy, Frolich, Head/Neck IV: Cranial Nerves 6
CN II: OPTIC Cranial nerve II Function: Clinical test for damage: vision Clinical test for damage: tests peripheral vision and visual acuity Effects of damage: blindness in part or all of the visual field
CN VIII: VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR Cranial Nerve VIII Function: hearing and equilibrium Clinical tests: test hearing, balance, and ability to walk a straight line Effects of damage: deafness, dizziness, nausea, loss of balance, and nystagmus
AUDITORY SYSTEM Outer and Middle ear amplify sound Inner ear Cochlea Hair cells Acoustovestibular nerve Dorsal and Ventral Cochlear nuclei Lateral lemniscus Inferior colliculus Medial geniculate nucleus Superior Temporal Cortex Brodmann areas 41 and 42
England and Wakely 1991
England and Wakely 1991
England and Wakely 1991
Gertz 1991
VISUAL SYSTEM The eyeball focuses light which stimulates the retina. These signals are transmitted via the optic nerve, chiasm and tract to the lateral geniculate nucleus in the thalamus. Nervous impulses then travel via the optic radiations to terminate in the primary visual (calcarine) cortex.
www.visionsofjoy.org
England and Wakely 1991
Gertz 1991
Gertz 1991
OLFACTORY SYSTEM Sensory receptors in the nasal mucosa are stimulated by odors. These stimuli are detected by the olfactory bulb. Nervous impulses then travel through the olfactory tract to terminate in the anterior perforated substance. There are intimate connections with the entorhinal cortex, amygdala, hippocampus and other parts of the limbic system.
www.colorado.edu
Gertz 1991
Gertz 1991
Gertz 1991