Thursday, January 31st HW: Test on Russia Aim: How did Stalin transform the Soviet Union into a totalitarian state? Do Now: Explain how the life of an ordinary citizen living in Stalinist Russia in 1937 differed from the life of an ordinary citizen living in the United States of America.

Command economy: the government controls all factories and businesses and makes all economic decisions.

“We are fifty or a hundred years behind the advanced countries “We are fifty or a hundred years behind the advanced countries. We must make good this distance in ten years. Either we do it, or they will crush us.”

Five-Year Plan (1928) Goal was to industrialize and develop economy Set high quotas to increase output of steel, coal, oil, and electricity. * Limited production of consumer goods - Shortages of food, housing, clothing, etc.

Five Year Plan was successful for industry Five Year Plan was successful for industry. * Five Year Plan lowered the standard of living for the majority of Soviets.

Stalin combined privately owned farms into government owned collective farms.

Kulaks (wealthy peasants) protested collectivization and between 5 and 10 million were killed as a result.

Collective farms were efficient and wheat production increased dramatically.

By the 1930s Stalin had transformed the Soviet Union into a totalitarian regime that was an industrial power.