Classical Indian Science Introduction of decimal system and invention of zero important contribution of Indian to the world. Ancient Science and religion linked together Planets considered as god and its movements began to be closely observed. Study of astronomy became essential to know the seasons and weather conditions which important for agricultural activities. In 3rd Century Mathematics, Astronomy and Medicine began to develop separately.

Mathematics Notation System, later it was adopted by the Arabs. Decimal System (Indians were first used the decimal system) Use of Zero ( considered that Zero invented by Aryabhatta in about 2nd century B.C.E.) ‘Zero’ called ‘shunya’ or ‘nothing’. Initially it was like a ‘dot’ later it became a ‘small circle’. In 1873 C.E the usage of zero took place in Arabia. Arabs adopted ‘Zero’ and ‘Algebra’ from India and spread it European countries. Chinese learned decimal system from Buddhist Missonaries. place value system, the decimal system was developed in India in 1000 B.C.E.

Brhamagupta 598 -668 or 670 C.E Ancient Indian Mathematician as well as Astronomer son of Jishnugupta. born in Bhillamala (modern Bhinmal) Rajasthan. Two works – Brahmasphuta Siddanta and Karakhada khadyaka. In 628 at the age of 30 he composed Brahmasphuta Siddhanta (The improved treaties of Brahma) This book consists 24 chapters with 1008 verses describes about algebra, geometry, trigonometry It was the first book that mentions 'zero' as a number. he was considered the first person who formulate the concept of zero.

he gave rules of using zero with negative and positive numbers. rule of dealing with zero as a number was ‘when zero is added to a number or subtracted from a number, the number remains unchanged’. second rule is ‘A number multiplied by zero becomes zero‘

∑ - sigma ≈ - approximately equal ∆ - delta ≡ - equivalence Introduce in symbols in algebra. ∑ - sigma ≈ - approximately equal ∆ - delta ≡ - equivalence X – cross () - brackets Introduce special words to denote numbers “tooth” means 22 “eye” means 2 “moon” means 1

Bhaskara II (1114- 1185 C.E) born in the city of Bjiapur, Karnataka son of Mahesvara, professionally he was astrologer. known as Bhaskaracharya, which means 'Bhaskara the teacher'. Mathematical work 'Siddhanta Sironmani' (Crown of Treatises) at the age of 36. it deals with algebra and study of sphere.

Three major work 1. Lilavati (the Beautiful) a mathematical work at the age of 36 he wrote this book it contains 279 verses, it was in Sanskrit language in the form of poetic 2. Bijaganita (Seed Counting) about algebra work it was the second volume of Siddhanta Shironmani divided into six parts and contains 213 verses 3. Karanakutuhala (the Calculation of Astronomical Wonders) about Astronomical work.