Essential Tools for Japanese Legal Research Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 法学研究 Essential Tools for Japanese Legal Research Hello, and welcome. Rob Britt University of Washington Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Summary of the Presentation Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Summary of the Presentation Introduction What Do You Know? Available Materials Starting Points Goals for Today Introduce Major Resources Laws, Cases Monographs, Journal Articles Non-law Resources Print vs. Electronic, Online Japanese vs. English Learn Where to find Materials Learn about Citation and Language Issues Learn what to do if you need help Keep up on new developments in Japanese Legal Research Exercises 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Introduction: What do you know? (three questions for you) Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Introduction: What do you know? (three questions for you) Do you have any experience with Japanese Legal Research? What’s your level of Japanese language? What do you expect to learn In this workshop? 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Introduction: Types of Available Materials Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Introduction: Types of Available Materials Your Library may have, in print and online: Cases Laws Academic works on/about Japanese law Books Periodicals Other materials important for finding and understanding the current law Newspapers Dictionaries Encyclopedias Online Resources 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Introduction: Starting Points Japanese Legal Research Guide (University of Washington) http://lib.law.washington.edu/eald/jlr/jres.html 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Introduction: Starting Points Online Database List (at University of Washington) http://lib.law.washington.edu/eald/OnlineDBsList.htm 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Introduction: Starting Points The Universe of Japanese Legal Resources Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Introduction: Starting Points The Universe of Japanese Legal Resources Laws Cases Articles and Books “Finding Aids” Non-Law Resources Print Japanese English Electronic / Online 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Notes on Translation of Laws and Cases Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Notes on Translation of Laws and Cases Why aren’t more laws and cases translated into English? Good translation is still difficult and expensive Concerns about accuracy Market for translations is small How about cases? The same is true of cases, only more so Far more laws are translated than cases 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Finding Laws in English Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Finding Laws in English Organizations That Provide Translations Japanese Government Interest Groups Industry, Law Firms Commercial Publishers 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Finding Laws in English Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Finding Laws in English Use the JLR Guide for suggestions on finding English, Japanese, Print, Online versions of laws 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Finding Laws in English: in Print Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Finding Laws in English: in Print EHS Law Bulletin Series The most comprehensive print collection of English translations of Japanese law (REF) EHS Superseded Volumes Doing Business in Japan (LexisNexis / Matthew Bender loose-leaf) Monographs, Pamphlets etc Occupation era “Official Gazette (官報 [Kanpō]), Jan.1948-Apr.1952 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Finding Laws in English: in Print Japanese laws in English: an index to the EHS Law Bulletin Series (2nd ed) Print index to EHS Published by MGGLL Lookup by: English Title Japanese Title Enactment Date Subject 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Finding Laws in English: Print National Diet Library’s Index to Print Laws in English 日本法令英訳書誌 Index to Japanese Laws in English Available At the East Asian Law Department, Gallagher Law Library Index to Japanese Laws in English (日本法令英訳書誌) National Diet Library Index to English Translations of Japanese Laws Sold Originally (for $25) by NDL beginning in 1998 on a floppy disk; Updated informally since then via emailed files Consists of “csv” files (raw data) Must be set up in database or spreadsheet software to be useful Indexes over 8,000 English translations of Japanese laws Includes wide variety of sources for print translations Occupation era English language government gazette (Kanpo) “Treatises” with translation in appendix Government publications (pamphlets, etc) EHS Law Bulletin Series One of the first of those resources was this index to Japanese laws in English. It is not exactly free: the original was issued in 1999 for $25, in floppy disk format. Since then, I’ve received updates from a contact at the National Diet Library for free. The index is a very valuable resource, but unfortunately it was provided only in a very inconvenient, non user-friendly format: a text “csv” (comma separated values) file that needs to be imported to a spreadsheet or database to use. It’s pretty cumbersome to set up, especially since it includes over six thousand entries. The good news is, we have it up and running at our library, and I’m more than willing to do searches for you. Just let me know what you’re looking for. It’s high value lies in the comprehensive way it provides access to English translations of Japanese laws over a wide range of time and in a broad spectrum of formats: book appendices, government pamphlets, EHS Law Bulletin Series translations, English language “Kanpo” from the occupation period, and so on. 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Finding Laws in English: Print Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Finding Laws in English: Print National Diet Library’s Index to Print Laws in English 日本法令英訳書誌 Index to Japanese Laws in English Search Screen in MS Access Available in the Gallagher Law Library, EALD Here is an example of the search screen in MS Access. 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Finding Laws in English: Print Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Finding Laws in English: Print National Diet Library’s Index to Print Laws in English 日本法令英訳書誌 Index to Japanese Laws in English Record in MS Access Available at the University of Washington, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library And here’s one of the full records for a translation of the Commercial Code. Note that there are many records for each of the different translations of the Commercial Code. Many of these are available in U.S. libraries. 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Finding Laws in English: Online Indexes Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Finding Laws in English: Online Indexes Internet Searching Google, Yahoo, Etc Search engines can help. To Improve search results: Use original Japanese Law name (“Exact Wording” field) Specify language “English” Specify region “Japan” 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Finding Laws in English: Online Japanese Government’s Law Translation Program “Translations of Laws and Regulations (In compliance with Standard Bilingual Dictionary) “ 法令翻訳データ(標準対訳辞書対応) Most comprehensive online collection of translations On 12/24/2008, About 164 laws were available. Systematic translation project, using “Standard Bilingual Dictionary” Joint Project with Nagoya University and the Cabinet Secretariat (内務省) Plan is to translate 200 laws Started about April 2006 http://www.cas.go.jp/jp/seisaku/hourei/data2.html 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Finding Laws in English: Online Indexes http://homepage2.nifty.com/paper/lawcollection.htm “Mika’s Page” Links to Online Translations 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Finding Laws in English: Online Indexes http://www.mizuho-sc.com/english/ebond/law.html Mizuho Securities Page Links to Online Translations 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Finding Laws in Japanese Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Finding Laws in Japanese Laws (Statutes, Regulations, etc.) U.S. libraries have full runs of major sets, back to mid nineteenth century Many commentaries on laws are also available in U.S. libraries 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Finding Laws in Japanese Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Finding Laws in Japanese 法令データ提供システム [Hōrei dēta teikyō shisutemu] (Laws and Regulations Online System) Has full text of most current Japanese laws and regulations http://law.e-gov.go.jp/cgi-bin/idxsearch.cgi When the Japanese government debuted “Hōrei dēta teikyō shisutemu” a few years back, it was truly a great leap forward for access to Japanese legal information. In the past, finding statutes or regulations depended first of all on having access to a library with a subscription to a Japanese law index, or at least one of several “roppo” with their selection of the editor’s favorite laws. In the latter case if your law didn’t happen to make the cut, you were out of luck. If you were lucky enough to have access to the comprehensive index, and if you knew the first few words of the name of the law, or the exact date and law number, you would be able to determine exactly what the name of the law was in Japanese. Having found that, you would have had to find a library with the Horei zensho and/or Kanpo issue that included your law. But now, the power of keyword searching through all Japanese laws and regulations is at our fingertips, and it’s available for free on the web! This was truly an astounding development. And I almost forgot: Not only can you search for an entry for the law, you can view, print, copy its full text! 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Finding Laws in Japanese: Index to Laws, Drafts, Abolished Laws, etc http://hourei.ndl.go.jp/SearchSys/index.jsp Nihon hōrei sakuin [Index to Japanese Law] 日本法令索引 (Indexes to laws) Has full text of most current Japanese laws and regulations Includes separate indexes to drafts (bills), treaties, current laws, abolished laws. Also may search all types together The Nihon hōrei sakuin is the online version of what used to be an annual print publication (it ceased in 2002). Unlike the Hōrei dēta teikyō shisutemu, this resource covers not just current laws and regulations, but also drafts, treaties, and abolished laws. Each of these may be searched separately or with one search. 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Finding Laws in Japanese: Draft Legislation http://www.moj.go.jp/HOUAN/index.html Ministry of Justice website “国会提出法案など” [Kokkai teishutsu hōritsuan] Has full text in PDF of draft legislation The Nihon hōrei sakuin is the online version of what used to be an annual print publication (it ceased in 2002). Unlike the Hōrei dēta teikyō shisutemu, this resource covers not just current laws and regulations, but also drafts, treaties, and abolished laws. Each of these may be searched separately or with one search. 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Finding Laws in Japanese: Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Finding Laws in Japanese: Searching for laws Conveniently organized, with index to left Laws can be easily searched by keyword. The contents of laws are accessed by clicking on folders on the left side of the screen. 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Finding Laws (in English or Japanese): Citations The Most Important principle: Make it easy to find the Source Law Number, Date Amendments listed at beginning, also by Law number, date Published in 法令全書 [Hōrei Zensho] chronologically "Completely Revised" Laws Special Case: Law's content is completely revised; Law is assigned a new law number and date Example: 会社更生法 [Kaisha kōseihō] Corporate Reorganization law (Law number 172 of 1952 AND completely revised by Law no. 154 of 2002) 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Finding Cases in English: In Print The Most Important principle: Make it easy to find the Source There are more constitutional cases available in English than any other topic. Sources include: Series of prominent judgments of the Supreme Court upon questions of constitutionality (1954-1999) One Supreme Court case a year Published by Japanese Supreme Court The constitutional case law of Japan by Lawrence W. Beer and Hiroshi Itoh Two editions, 1961-1970 and 1970-1990 Court and Constitution in Japan; selected Supreme Court [constitutional] decisions, 1948-60, by John M. Maki. With translations by Ikeda Masaaki, David C.S. Sissons, and Kurt Steiner Occasional Translations in Book Appendices 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Finding Cases in English: In Print Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Finding Cases in English: In Print 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Finding Cases in English Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Finding Cases in English http://www.courts.go.jp/english/judgments/index.html Judgments of the Supreme Court (Online since 1999) Also has many more summaries of cases (over 500). “Judgments of the Supreme Court” is one place where that elusive resource, reports of Japanese court decisions in English, can be found. Its predecessor is the print annual “Series of prominent judgments of the Supreme Court upon questions of constitutionality ,” which is no longer published (is that starting to sound familiar?). The online version includes all the translations that were offered in the print (about one a year from 1954 to 1999), plus some 500 English summaries of other cases. The interface has recently (October 2007) been updated, and the URL has also changed. 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Finding Cases in English Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Finding Cases in English Judgments of the Supreme Court (Continued) Search for keyword “speech” Some cases in Full text; Some have summaries only In this example, I’ve searched for the keyword “speech,” and I find a related case, summarized in English. 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Finding Cases in English Hanrei.net (formerly Senrei) Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Finding Cases in English Hanrei.net (formerly Senrei) English summaries of Important cases http://www.senrei.com/ Constitutional Law Civil Law Commercial Law Supreme Court, High Court, and District Court Cases Senrei, a website managed and regularly updated by an adjunct professor at the University of Washington, provides summaries of important cases in the broad areas of Constitutional law, Civil Law, and Commercial Law. 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Finding Cases in English Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Finding Cases in English Temple University Website; Cases Section English translations of Important cases http://www.tuj.ac.jp/newsite/main/law/lawresources/index.html Click on the Topics on the Left Side of the screen The Temple University Japanese law website has a “cases” section. You can click on the topics on the left side of the screen to drill down to English translations of important cases. 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Finding Cases in Japanese Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Finding Cases in Japanese Wide range of cases in print and online Case commentary widely available 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Finding Cases in Japanese (Print) Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Finding Cases in Japanese (Print) Commercial Case collections: The Two Most Important Commercial Case Collections in Japan 判例タイムズ [Hanrei taimuzu] 判例時報 [Hanrei jihō] Subject Periodicals 商事法務 [Shōji hōmu] 私法判例リマークス [Shihō hanrei rimākusu] 金融商事判例 [Kinyū shōji hanrei] Government Case Collections 最高裁判所判例集 [Saikō Saibansho hanreishū] Most others Ceased publication; Replaced by online Cases (Various Courts) Commercial Government 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Finding Cases in Japanese http://www.courts.go.jp/search/jhsp0010?action_id=first&hanreiSrchKbn=01 判例検索システム Hanrei Kensaku Shisutemu Full-text Cases, Provided by the Japanese Government Replaces Many old “hanreishu” (reporters) previously issued by the government PDF files This free Japanese government database provides PDF files of Japanese court decisions. While it is not as comprehensive as some of the subscription resources, it contains a very large number of cases. Users can search the entire database of cases, or choose to search subsets, such as lower court cases, labor cases, or intellectual property cases. This resource constitutes a replacement for many of the old “hanreishu” (reporters) that were published by the Supreme Court. Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt 5/2/2019 Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Finding Cases in Japanese Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Finding Cases in Japanese リーガルベース [Legalbase] Published by Nihon Hōritsu Jōhō Sentā Cases from post WWII to present Comes with access to online version CD ROM, Online Versions Now for the resources. When it comes to primary resources and finding aids, the universe of Japanese legal information has experienced a real “big bang” over the last ten years. I will now give you an overview of the resources we use in our library, and of a few of the other available resources. First, I’d like to show you Legalbase. This product, published by the Nihon Hōritsu Jōhō Sentā, is available in both CD ROM and online, and at several different levels of service. The service can include index only or full text, and subscribers have the option of cases only, or cases, commentary and statutes. Legalbase covers back to 1946. Subscribers can also select from single simultaneous online use (which comes with the CD ROM subscription), or other more extensive licensing arrangements that include full-text and multiple simultaneous users. At our library, we use Legalbase as a convenient index to our extensive collection of Japanese cases in paper publications. The index-only version allows us to take advantage of our existing paper collection, and saves us a lot of money. I have produced a “how to” guide for Legalbase, which is available on the web. 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Finding Cases in Japanese: Overview of Subscription Japanese Law-Specific Resources LexisNexis JP http://legal.lexisnexis.jp/ 197,000 full-text cases 43,000 case commentaries 7,200 current laws There are four major subscription resources for one-stop Japanese legal materials shopping: LexisNexis JP, which came out in April of 2006, claims on its website to be Japan’s largest case and statute database, and it seems to be true. The website says there are 197,000 full-text cases, 43,000 case commentaries, and 7,200 current laws, including a full revision history for important laws. 2) Lex/DB Internet specializes in full-text court decisions. It includes many different databases, but the main one is “判例総合検索” [Hanrei Sōgō Kensaku], with over 180,000 entries dating back to Meiji 8 [1875]. There are also many collections of decisions on specialty topics like tax and intellectual property. LEX/DB http://www.tkclex.ne.jp/ 180,000 cases back to 1875 Also special-topic case collections 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Finding Cases in Japanese: Overview of Subscription Japanese Law-Specific Resources D1-Law.com https://www.d1-law.com/d1w2_portal/index.html Hanrei taikei HHBJ Statutes in “Japan Code” 3) D1-Law.com from Daiichi Hoki is the publisher of the previously mentioned “Hōritsu Hanrei Bunken Jōhō” (HHBJ) which is available both in CD ROM and on the internet. The English names of other D1-Law databases include “Japan Code,” “Japan Code Point-in-time Search, ”Judicial Information System” (electronic version of the looseleaf “判例対系” [Hanrei taikei], and others. 4) Legalbase is published by the Nihon Hōritsu Jōhō Sentā (Japan Legal Information Center). It is available both in CD ROM and on the web, and in versions featuring cases only, laws only. The CD ROM subscription includes one web access by password. Legalbase has over 150,000 cases dating back to 1895. I will now discuss in a bit more detail the ones I am familiar with: LexisNexis JP, Legalbase, and the CD ROM version of part of D1-Law: Hōritsu hanrei bunken jōhō. Your library may not have access to the services we discuss, and you may have access to some that we do not discuss. But it is good to at least have a basic familiarity with the main resources available, as you may need to use them at some point in your career. Legalbase http://jlic.softhouse-ilu.com/doc/index.php Nihon Hōritsu Jōhō Sentā (株)日本法律情報センター Available in Web edition, Case edition, Statute edition; Case edition has 150,569 cases from 1895- Has 26,580 commentaries Has 7973 Laws 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Finding Cases in Japanese: Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Finding Cases in Japanese: Search screen for cases Search: 営業 & 秘密 Hits: 1305 Compare to online Legalbase hits: 501 LexisNexis JP is very comprehensive. A search for “営業 & 秘密” yielded 1305 hits, compared to 501 hits in Legalbase for the same search. Like Legalbase, the results are displayed in PDF. 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Finding Cases in Japanese Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Finding Cases in Japanese Search Results: CD ROM Now for the resources. When it comes to primary resources and finding aids, the universe of Japanese legal information has experienced a real “big bang” over the last ten years. I will now give you an overview of the resources we use in our library, and of a few of the other available resources. First, I’d like to show you Legalbase. This product, published by the Nihon Hōritsu Jōhō Sentā, is available in both CD ROM and online, and at several different levels of service. The service can include index only or full text, and subscribers have the option of cases only, or cases, commentary and statutes. Legalbase covers back to 1946. Subscribers can also select from single simultaneous online use (which comes with the CD ROM subscription), or other more extensive licensing arrangements that include full-text and multiple simultaneous users. At our library, we use Legalbase as a convenient index to our extensive collection of Japanese cases in paper publications. The index-only version allows us to take advantage of our existing paper collection, and saves us a lot of money. I have produced a “how to” guide for Legalbase, which is available on the web. 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Finding Cases in Japanese Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Finding Cases in Japanese リーガルベース [Legalbase] Online Version This is the online version of Legalbase. At our library, we have a subscription to the CD ROM index-only “cases” version of the database. That subscription comes with one simultaneous user account for the online version which includes full text of cases, and has a better user interface than the CD ROM version. 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Finding Cases in Japanese Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Finding Cases in Japanese リーガルベース [Legalbase] How to Guide: http://lib.law.washington.edu/eald/jlr/HowToUseLegalbase/HowToUseLegalbase.htm More Information: http://jlic.softhouse-ilu.com/doc/index.php For more information on Legalbase, check out my “how to” guide, and the home page of the “Hōritsu Jōhō Sentā.” 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Finding Cases in Japanese: How Cases are Indexed Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Finding Cases in Japanese: How Cases are Indexed Cases are not typically Indexed by names of parties (parties are often not included in case reports) Case Indexes are Sorted in Many Ways by trial date by court's docket numbering system (see below) by case name by keywords (digital resources only) by court name by reporter or other publication title by name of judge Court's Docket numbering system Courts use a combination of kanji, katakana and numbers to identify cases 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Finding Cases in Japanese: Case Citation Examples The Most Important principle: Make it easy to find the Source Ｈ１７.１０.２５ 第三小法廷・判決 平成１５（行ヒ）３２０ 勧告取消請求事件 Romanization: [H17.10.25 dai-3 shō hōtei; hanketsu Heisei 15 (gyō hi) 320 Kankoku torikeshi seikyū jiken] Translation: 10/25/2005. 3rd Petty bench of the Supreme Court, Decision 2003 (Gyō Hi) 320, Request to rescind Advise. Format of entry <Year, Month, Date> <Court Name, Branch> <Type> <Era name and year> <identifying letter in parenthesis]> <Incident name> 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Finding Cases in Japanese: Case Citation Examples The Most Important principle: Make it easy to find the Source 最高昭56・2・16民集35-1-56 Romanization: [Saikō 56, 2, 16 Minshū 35-1-56] Translation: Supreme Court Feb. 16, 1981, Supreme Court Civil Decisions Reporter (= Saikō Saibansho minji hanreishū), vol. 35, p. 1-56 Format of Entry <Court Location (except Supreme Court)> < Court name (abbreviated)> <Era (abbreviated), year, month, day> <Reporter name (abbreviated)> <Volume, Issue, Page number> Year Case entered system, one character designator, bench, then date of decision 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Language and Citation Issues: Case Citation Examples The Most Important principle: Make it easy to find the Source 広島高岡山支判昭33・12・26高民11-10-743 Romanization: Hiroshima Kō Okayama shi, hanketsu Shō 33. 12. 26, Kōmin 11-10-743 Translation: Hiroshima High Court, Okayama Branch, Decision, Dec. 26, 1958, High Court Civil Decision Reporter (= Kōtō Saibansho Minji hanreishū) 大阪高判昭36・10・11判時282-22 Romanization: Ōsaka Kō han Shō 36 10 11 Hanji 282-22 Translation: Osaka High Court decision, Oct. 11, 1961, Decisions Times (= Hanrei Jihō) 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Finding Books and Articles Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Finding Books and Articles Examples of Secondary Materials in Print Treatises and… Commentaries on laws on cases Periodicals Commercial Academic 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Finding Books and Articles in English or Japanese Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Finding Books and Articles in English or Japanese University of Washington Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library Over 26,000 volumes of monographs 213 current serial titles, Subscriptions to 6 Electronic databases on or related to Japanese law The Catalog: http://lib.law.washington.edu/ The University of Washington Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library. Our collection is known for its fast and friendly service. The collection originated in the late 1930s, with a substantial donation from the Japanese Ministry of Justice. It was expanded greatly in the early 1960s, when the University of Washington Law School received a large Ford Foundation grant for the study of East Asian law, and hired its first Asian law specialist, Prof. Dan Fenno Henderson. Prof. Henderson instituted an advanced Asian law LLM and PhD degree program. Our library continued the tradition of supporting Japanese legal research to support these new programs. The tradition continues today, with the help and support of Prof. Veronica Taylor, and the Law Library director, Penny Hazelton. We have over 26,000 monographic volumes on Japanese law, with over 213 current serial titles. We have subscriptions to six Electronic resources on or related to Japanese law. There is one full-time professional staff specializing in Japanese law (yours truly). I’m responsible for selection, cataloging and reference in that area. For more on the history of Asian Studies at our Law School, see this timeline in PDF form on our website. 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Finding Books and Articles: English Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Finding Books and Articles: English UW Libraries Catalog http://www.lib.washington.edu/ Searches UW holdings Also Searches UW Law, other Academic Libraries Search Results Sorted this way: UW UW Law UW Consortia participating Libraries Other Libraries 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Finding Books and Articles: English Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Finding Books and Articles: English OCLC Worldcat http://www.worldcat.org/ Search for books, articles Worldwide coverage Limit by language 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Finding Books and Articles: English Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Finding Books and Articles: English Dissertations Doctoral dissertations on Asia [Ann Arbor, Mich.] : Association for Asian Studies, 1975-1993 Call # DS5.A1 D62 Location Classified Stacks Library has v. 1 (1975)-v. 16 (1993) Proquest Dissertations Database U.S. Legal Periodical Indexes Legaltrac LexisNexis Westlaw Heinonline JSTOR Has full text of some older English language articles PAIS (Public Affairs Information Service) (Proquest) Bibliography of Asian Studies Index to Foreign Legal Periodicals (IFLP) Treaties Most published in Hōrei zensho bilingually 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Finding Books and Articles: English Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Finding Books and Articles: English University of Washington Law School Student Papers (LLM, JD, PhD) (can borrow via Interlibrary loan) Good source for bibliographies Almost 300 on Japanese law To find: In UW Law Library Catalog; http://marian.law.washington.edu/ Search for this title: Student papers University of Washington Then Limit to subject “Japan” Result should be about 280 “hits” Books Your Library Catalog OCLC 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Finding Books and Articles: English English language law journals published in Japan Many Japanese law schools publish two journals: one in Japanese, one in English Many Japanese language law journals have English tables of contents Some “NGOs” (non-governmental organizations) based in Japan, or with offices there publish English language journals, websites, and other publications. NOTE: These resources are NOT indexed in the usual legal periodical indexes. Search for English Periodicals published in Japan: Keyword Japan AND periodicals Limit language “English” 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Finding Books and Articles: Articles in Japanese Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Finding Books and Articles: Articles in Japanese How to Guide: http://lib.law.washington.edu/eald/jlr/HowToUseHHBJ/HowToUseHHBJ1.htm 法律判例文献情報 [HHBJ, Hōritsu hanrei bunken jōhō = Current legal information] Published by Daiichi Hōki Indexes both cases and legal articles Begins with about 1980 D1 Law includes the following: Hanrei taikei Hōritsu hanrei bunken jōhō Statutes in “Japan Code” At our institution, we have the CD ROM version of Hōritsu hanrei bunken jōhō only (= Current legal information) (HHBJ, for short). HHBJ covers some of the same ground as Legalbase (it’s a case index), but as its name implies it also includes an index to Japanese legal articles. It does not go back as far as Legalbase (it’s coverage begins in 1980 for both articles and cases). Like Legalbase, it is not full text, and it is offered as a CD ROM product, updated twice a year. Although Daiichi Hōki also offers HHBJ as one of their online products, the CD ROM does not come with online access. The detailed indexing of law and law-related periodicals provided by HHBJ is not offered by any other products as far as I know. In our library, this is quite valuable, since we have a very deep collection of post WWII Japanese legal periodicals. I have produced a “how to” guide for HHBJ, which is available on the web. 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Finding Books and Articles: Articles in Japanese Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Finding Books and Articles: Articles in Japanese 法律判例文献情報 [HHBJ] Published by Daiichi Hōki HHBJ is especially useful for searching legal articles. Here’s a search for the terms for commercial law and corporate director, which returned 721 hits. The CD ROM database is not full text, but it does give you a full citation. Many of the periodicals cited are available in your library. Searching: 商法 * 取締役 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Finding Books and Articles: Articles in Japanese Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Finding Books and Articles: Articles in Japanese RSS Feeds of Japanese Legal Publications From the National Diet Library http://www.ndl.go.jp/en/index.html HHBJ is especially useful for searching legal articles. Here’s a search for the terms for commercial law and corporate director, which returned 721 hits. The CD ROM database is not full text, but it does give you a full citation. Many of the periodicals cited are available in your library. The National Diet Library (NDL / 国会図書館 ) now provides RSS feeds to its detailed up-to-date indexing of thousands of Japanese periodicals. Many law-related publications are included. Users can select from a wide variety of titles to receive RSS notification as new articles in user-specified titles come out. 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Finding Books and Articles: Books in Japanese Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Finding Books and Articles: Books in Japanese NII Webcat Plus http://webcatplus-equal.nii.ac.jp/libportal/equalTop.html In Japan, they have NII Webcat Plus, which is a union catalog of hundreds of Japanese libraries. Webcat Plus is also the entry point for Inter-Library Loan from Japanese libraries (other than the National Diet Library), which will introduce later. 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Finding Books and Articles: Books in Japanese Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Finding Books and Articles: Books in Japanese National Diet Library Catalog http://opac.ndl.go.jp/ Books Articles (雑誌記事索引) Note: Database is down 3 hours a day, Monday-Saturday and 6 hours on Sunday (during U.S. business hours) Japan’s National Diet Library has a huge collection of books on Japanese law. A large percentage of NDL’s holdings are also available in the United States, but when in doubt about the title or author of a book, this catalog can be very useful to search. Unfortunately, the catalog goes down every night, which can be inconvenient, since in the U.S., it is during the middle of the work day. Inter-Library loan from the National Diet Library is available (we’ll discuss it later), but nine times out of ten, items are available in the U.S., so check that out first. 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Finding Books and Articles in Japanese Japanese Online Law Journals http://lib.law.washington.edu/eald/jlr/JOJOnline.htm “CiNii” (Citation Information by NII): What is CiNii?: http://ci.nii.ac.jp/cinii/en/pages/outline-e.html Full Text List Compiled at Gallagher Law Library Some Provided by Publication Itself Another Source is “J-Stage” (Japan Science and Technology Information Aggregator, Electronic J-STAGE) But a long list of mostly academic law publications from Japan are available for free, including all or part of their back issues. The majority of the titles available are provided via “CiNii” a service of the National Institute of Informatics (NII), in Japan. A few titles (notably Waseda University’s “Waseda hōgaku” and Tokyo University’s new “Tōkyō Daigaku Hōka Daigakuin Rō rebyū ” are offered directly by the publisher. I have compiled an online list of these publications, complete with links to the full-text of each. 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

雑誌記事索引 (National Diet Library’s Index to Japanese Periodicals) Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Finding Books and Articles in Japanese 雑誌記事索引 (National Diet Library’s Index to Japanese Periodicals) National Diet Library Catalog http://opac.ndl.go.jp/ Articles (雑誌記事索引) Same Data as in “Magazineplus” (Available at some institutions) (Note: Limited access during U.S. business hours) If you need free access to a comprehensive index to Japanese language periodicals, the National Diet Libraries “雑誌記事索引” is great. It covers of thousands of journals, including many legal periodicals. The data included is the same as in “Magazineplus,” (on the next slide). Note that the hours of access are limited: the database is down for three hours daily during U.S. business hours. 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Finding Books and Articles in Japanese Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Finding Books and Articles in Japanese Magazineplus Available at some institutions Index to Japanese periodicals (based on NDL’s “雑誌記事索引” [Zasshi Kiji Sakuin]) Indexes some legal periodicals Magazineplus is the commercial version of the National Diet Library’s comprehensive periodical index, “Zasshi kiji sakuin.” Zasshi kiji sakuin is available for free on the NDL website, while Magazineplus provides a more user-friendly interface for a subscription fee. While this is a general periodical index, it covers many legal periodicals, and can be a key resource for the Japanese legal scholar. 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Finding Books and Articles in Japanese or English Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Finding Books and Articles in Japanese or English Other full text resources may be available. One example is Factiva. Factiva Many Japanese language, Japan-published resources included Full text database of Japanese, English and other-language general and business-related periodicals, including many Japanese newspapers 朝日新聞 Asahi Shinbun (3/18/1997-   ) 中日新聞 Chūnichi Shinbun (5/1/2003-   ) 毎日新聞 Mainichi Shinbun (10/19/1992-   ) 産経新聞 (Tokyo HQ Edition) Sankei Shinbun (1/21/1997) 読売新聞 Yomiuri Shinbun (1/1/2002-   ) More Information: http://factiva.com/ To satisfy legal researcher’s desire for the most up-to-the-minute information about Japanese legal developments, full-text instant access to legal news is necessary. Factiva is one very comprehensive news sources that meets that need. It includes such major newspapers as Asahi Shinbun, Chunichi Shinbun, Mainichi Shinbun and Yomiuri Shinbun, plus hundreds of trade newspapers and other periodicals covering all aspects of business and economics. 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Finding Books and Articles in Japanese Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Finding Books and Articles in Japanese Articles can also be easily searched by keyword. The full text of each article is available in PDF. Navigation is very handy, with folders on the left indicating the names of publications including relevant articles. Drilling down to articles on the desired topic is very handy. Searching for commentaries and other types of detailed information in full text is also very easy. Historical research is also made easy with access to pre-war cases (Daishin’in). 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Finding Books and Articles in Japanese Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Finding Books and Articles in Japanese You also may have access to… Asahi Newspaper [朝日新聞], 1945-current 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Finding Books and Articles in Japanese Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Finding Books and Articles in Japanese Nikkei telecom 21 For more information: http://telecom21.nikkei.co.jp/nt21/service/ (JPN) http://www.nni.nikkei.co.jp/FR/SERV/help/about_nikkei/database.html (ENG) Important full-text newspaper source Includes 日本経済新聞 [Nihon Keizai Shinbun] Also English full text of major English Language Newspaper (Nikkei Weekly and Nikkei Major Articles) Nikkei Telecom 21 is the web face to the suite of databases and services provided by Nikkei, the company that publishes the Nihon Keizai Shinbun, an important source for current legal developments. It covers some of the same ground as Factiva, but provides access to a different but important family of newspapers and magazines. It includes the English language “Nikkei Weekly.” 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Finding Books and Articles in Japanese Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Finding Books and Articles in Japanese Online How-to Guide http://lib.law.washington.edu/eald/jlr/HowToUseYomiuri/index.htm For more information: http://www.yomiuri.co.jp/cdrom/ Yomiuri Newspaper Archives CD ROM resource Historic newspaper in full text for famous laws, cases, etc The Yomiuri newspaper archives is a CD ROM product that can be networked (as it is at our university) to provide wider access. It includes over 100 CDs, covering the years 1874 to 1960. The database is made up of image files for the entire contents of the newspaper, and it comes with full keyword searching capability. This archive can be very useful for historical legal research. You can find a “how-to” guide for it on the UW Law Library website. 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Finding Other Resources: Dictionaries Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Finding Other Resources: Dictionaries http://www.cas.go.jp/jp/seisaku/hourei/dictionary.pdf Standard Bilingual Dictionary 法令用語日英標準対訳辞書 The “Standard Bilingual Dictionary” was published in PDF in March 2006 by the Japanese government as part of its new law translation policy. It’s a vital step in providing a standardized way of translating Japanese laws into English, as it’s used by the translators working on the law translation project. At nearly 150 pages, it’s very substantial, detailed, and it has the stamp of approval of the Japanese government, an important feature when it comes to legal materials. It is a very useful tool for Japanese legal researchers in general, not just law translators. And, did I mention, it’s free?! 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Finding Other Resources: Encyclopedias Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Finding Other Resources: Encyclopedias Japan Knowledge For more information: http://na.jkn21.com/ Wide range of resources (mainly in Japanese) for Japan-related research 日本大百科全書 [Nihon dai hyakka zensho] 現代用語の基礎知識 [Gendai yōgo no kihon chishiki] 日本人名大辞典 [Nihon jinmei daijiten] 辞書（和英、英和、日本語）[Japanese-English, English Japanese and Japanese Dictionaries] JK Who's Who Includes name and place dictionaries, "who's who" for Japan, bilingual dictionaries, and many other Japan Knowledge provides a wide variety of reference resources for Japan Studies, that often turn out to be useful for Japanese legal research. These include “Nihon dai hyakka zensho,” “Gendai yogo no kihon chishiki” and “Nihon jinmei daijiten.” 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Finding Other Resources: Encyclopedias Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Finding Other Resources: Encyclopedias More Information: http://www.ency-japan.com/public/default.asp?sessionid=public Kodansha Encyclopedia of Japan Summaries of Famous cases Names and descriptions of many laws (including English and Japanese name, law number, and date) Kodansha Encyclopedia of Japan has two points in its favor for Japanese law researchers: it’s in English, and it includes lots of fairly detailed information on Japanese law. This includes summaries of hundreds of important laws, complete with the Japanese name of the law and a discussion of its purpose and history. Also included are summaries of famous trials and biographies of important lawyers and jurists. 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Language and Citation Issues: Japanese Era Names Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Language and Citation Issues: Japanese Era Names Four eras since 1867 明治 [Meiji] (1867-1912) 大正 [Taishō] (1912-1926) 昭和 [Shōwa (1926-1989) 平成 [Heisei] (1989- Formulas to convert from Japanese Era years to Western years Meiji: add 67 Taishō: add 11 Shōwa: add 25 Heisei: add 88 For a conversion chart, see the Japanese Legal Research guide: http://lib.law.washington.edu/eald/jlr/jlrwebresources.htm#JapaneseEraNames For more on Japanese eras, see Wikipedia: (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_era_name#Neng.C5.8D_in_Modern_Japan) 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Language and Citation Issues: Japanese Legal Vocabulary Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Language and Citation Issues: Japanese Legal Vocabulary Words for Laws 法律 [hōritsu] a law; the law 法令 [hōrei] a law; an ordinance; laws and ordinances 法規 [hōki] laws and regulations Words for Decisions 判例 [hanrei] a judicial precedent 判決[hanketsu] a judicial decision Words for Legal Publications 論文集 [ronbunshū] a collection of essays; festschriften 六法 [roppō] "six codes" a selection of important statutes, often published annually. Includes general compilations and compilations for specific subjects, such as securities law or labor law. Similar to a desk book 判例集 [hanreishū] a reporter; collection of decisions 法令全書 [Hōrei zensho] Complete Laws (a monthly publication of the Japanese government compiling all the new laws, regulations, and amendments) 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Language and Citation Issues: Some Abbreviations used in Citations Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Language and Citation Issues: Some Abbreviations used in Citations Reporters 判タ= Hanta (Hanrei taimuzu) (Decisions Times) 判時 = Hanji (Hanrei jihō) (Decisions Times) 刑集 = Keishū (Saikō Saibansho Keiji hanreishū) (Supreme Court Criminal Decisions Reporter) 民集 = Minshū (Saikō Saibansho Minji hanreishū) (Supreme Court Civil Decisions Reporter) Other Publications ジュリ[Juri] = Jurisuto (Jurist) 別冊判タ[Besatsu hanta] = Bessatsu Hanta Hanrei Taimuzu Supplement Era names 明 [Mei] = Meiji (Meiji Era, 1868-1912) 大 [Tai] = Taishō (Taisho Era, 1912-1925) 昭 [Shō] = Shōwa (Showa Era, 1925-1989) 平 [Hei] = Heisei (Heisei Era, 1989- ) Names of Courts (Saihan = Supreme Court) 最 = Sai, for "Saikō Saibansho" (Supreme Court) 高 = Kō, for "Kōtō Saibansho (High Court) 大阪高 = Ōsakakō (Ōsaka High Court) 名古屋高 Nagoyakō (Nagoya High Court) 地 = Chi, for "Chihō Saibansho" (District Court) 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Language and Citation Issues: Standards Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Language and Citation Issues: Standards General Principles for Citation Citations should allow user to find the cited material easily (Often citations to East Asian language materials do not) Providing only an English translation of cited material's title is a bad idea (Romanization of titles and key reference points (such as some numbering and dates, names of people and organizations, etc.) is vital. Translation can be useful but does not substitute for romanization.) Following standards is a good idea (see below) Standards In the U.S. The Bluebook : a uniform system of citation Cambridge, Mass. : Harvard Law Review Association, c1991- KF245 .U5 Current edition: 18th (2005) at Reference Area, Reference Office (for Japanese section, see 18th edition, p. 287-290) The standard for Japanese citation in the U.S. legal publications is the "Foreign Jurisdictions: Japan" section of the Bluebook, edited by Yukino Nakashima of Columbia University Law Library. The standard is useful, but there are problems with it. 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Language and Citation Issues: Standards Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Language and Citation Issues: Standards Problems with Bluebook Format for Japanese Sources Difference between what's cited and what's found in indexes and library catalogs Keishū, minshū <plaintiff> v. <defendant> Include Japanese text in citation? Cite to translation or original? (see: Bluebook, p. 289, "When citing a translation…") Citation Principle: Make it easy for readers to look up your sources! Law in Japan (Use as a model) Law in Japan Tokyo : Japanese American Society for Legal Studies, c1967-2001 KNX6 .L39, Library has v. 1 (1967)-v. 27 (2001) 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Language and Citation Issues: Standards in Japan Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Language and Citation Issues: Standards in Japan Standards In Japan Legal citation standards for academic publications are based on a very an annual publication (now also on the web). This publications gives proper citation forms as prescribed by a well know group of Japanese law academics. 法律文献等の出典の表示方法 [Hōritsu bunken no shutten no hyōji hōhō] (Methods of legal citation) Online Version  http://www.law.kobe-u.ac.jp/citation/mokuji.htm Print Version KNX33.N54 at EALR (East Asian Law Reference) 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Asking For Help: Legal Research Guides Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Asking For Help: Legal Research Guides List of Guides http://lib.law.washington.edu/eald/jlr/jlrwebresources.htm#JapanLawGuides Law Library of Congress: Japan http://www.loc.gov/law/help/guide/nations/japan.html Japanese Legal Research at UW http://lib.law.washington.edu/eald/jlr/jres.html GlobaLex: “Japanese Law Via the Internet” http://www.nyulawglobal.org/globalex/Japan.htm (Version of Prof. Makoto Ibusuki’s English-language guide to Japanese law) If you’re looking for English language guidance on Japanese legal research, there are many useful sites. Here I present the major U.S.-based websites that offer this kind of online help. Our library provides “Japanese Legal Research at the University of Washington,” which is very detailed. I’m the “webmaster,” so if you have comments or questions about the guide, please let me know. The GlobaLex website, which is managed by Mirala Rosznovschi at New York University, has a version of Professor Makoto Ibusuki’s very useful guide, “Japanese Law Via the Internet.” The Library of Congress’ guide is in fact not so extensive. It is useful mainly for those just getting started with Japanese legal research. But as I mentioned, in my opinion, LC’s main contribution to the Japanese legal research community is its extensive cataloging of Japanese legal materials, which can be viewed on OCLC, and also using LC’s online catalog. 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Asking for Help: Inter-Library Loan Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Asking for Help: Inter-Library Loan The “Global ILL Framework” (GIF) Project. See: http://www.fas.harvard.edu/~ncc/illdd/gifproject.html You can borrow Japanese law-related books from… Other U.S. Libraries The National Diet Library in Japan …Ask your Librarian! You can borrow materials on Japanese law from three main sources: 1) Other U.S. Libraries, 2) The National Diet Library (NDL) in Japan, and 3) The “Global ILL Framework” (GIF) Project. GIF is a US-based program to assist researchers with borrowing materials from Japan. For more information, see the GIF project website. The main thing to remember is if there’s a resource you’re not finding in your local library, ask your librarian for it! The librarian may be able to help you find the item in your library. If not, it may be available elsewhere in the U.S. And if that doesn’t work, you can try Japanese libraries via GIF or NDL. 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 New Developments in Japanese Legal Research http://lib.law.washington.edu/eald/jlr/news.htm Watch the Gallagher Law Library’s Japanese Legal Research news page or subscribe to the RSS feed for new developments in Japanese Legal Research. 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 To Summarize… 日本の法律研究 Japanese Legal Research Where Resources Live Print Japanese English Electronic/Online Finding Laws In English In Japanese Finding Cases Finding Books and Articles Language and Citation Laws and Statutes Cases Asking For Help Your Librarian! Research Guides Inter-Library Loan When viewed this way, you can see that many factors contribute to the complexity of doing Japanese legal research, especially outside Japan. The trick is to be aware of as many of those factors as possible, in order to develop a research strategy that’s smart and efficient. To be effective, researchers need the ability to see how the many tools available can be used together to gather the accurate and up-to-date information available for a given topic. To summarize, we discussed reasons for the big switch from print to electronic materials. We looked at the concepts of currency and “official” version and how they impact Japanese legal research. After that, we spent most of our time examining the subscription, free and non-law resources out there that are useful for Japanese legal research. Along the way, we mentioned issues that affect access to all these resources, such as whether the resources are free or pay, CD ROM or online, or just indexes or full text. Finally I encouraged you to ask librarians for help, and to use the available research guides and ILL services. 5/2/2019 Japanese Legal Research / Rob Britt Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library

Essential Tools for Japanese Legal Research Japanese Legal Resources Discussed 5/2/2019 Thanks! 法学研究 Essential Tools for Japanese Legal Research Thank you. For further information, please check my Japanese Legal Research website, or email me. For an online version of this Presentation: http://lib.law.washington.edu/eald/presentations.htm Rob Britt University of Washington Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library Seattle, Washington USA rrbritt@u.washington.edu http://lib.law.washington.edu/eald/jlr/jres.html Rob Britt, Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library