Chapter 6: Religions Unit 3

Where Are the World’s Religions Distributed? Introducing Religions 5 Major World Religions: Hinduism Buddhism Judaism Christianity Islam Atheism—belief that God/the divine does not exist Agnosticism—belief that the existence of God/the divine cannot be proven

Basics of Religion Introducing Religions: Universalizing Religion: Ethnic Religion: Monotheistic Religion: Polytheistic Religion P. 186-187

Where Are the World’s Religions Distributed? Distribution of Christians Congregation: Denomination: Branch: What are the branches of Christianity? Which is the largest and oldest branch of Christianity? P. 188-189

Where Are the World’s Religions Distributed? Distribution of Muslims Sunni Shiite (Shia, Shi’ah) Distribution of Buddhists Syncretic Distribution of Hindus Chinese Traditional Ethnic Religions/Philosophies: Confucianism Taoism

Where Are the World’s Religions Distributed? Distribution of Ethnic Religions Animism—inanimate objects, natural events, etc. have spirits and life Sikhism Judaism Shintoism

Why Do Religions Have Distinctive Distribution? Origin of Christianity and Islam in Asia Christianity: Jesus Christ Bethlehem, Jerusalem 8-4 BC Islam: Muhammed Mecca 570 AD 5 Pillars of Islam Origin of Buddhism Siddhartha Gautama 563 BC Nepal Four Noble Truths

Why Do Religions Have Distinctive Distribution? Historical Diffusion of Religions Christianity: hierarchical and contagious diffusion Islam: relocation diffusion (hierarchical?) Recent Migration of… Christians (p. 202-203) Muslims (p.204) Jews (p. 205)

Why Do Religions Organize Space in Distinctive Patterns? Places of Worship: Christianity Islam Judaism Buddhism Hinduism

Why Do Religions Organize Space in Distinctive Patterns? Administration of space Hierarchical Religions Roman Catholicism Locally autonomous religions Islam Protestant Christianity Sacred Spaces Pilgrimage Holy places Disposal of the dead

Why Do Religions Organize Space in Distinctive Patterns? Religious Calendars: Universalizing—typically follow the main events in a founder’s life Birth, death, miracles, pilgrimages, etc. Judaism—based on events in the agricultural calendar in Israel Major events of Jewish history Ethnic religions—solstice

Why Do Territorial Conflicts Arise Among Religious Groups? India: Hinduism and the caste system Communism and religion Taliban and Western values Fundamentalism Jews vs. Palestinians in Israel/Palestine