THE SIX KINGDOMS OF LIFE

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Presentation transcript:

THE SIX KINGDOMS OF LIFE

Domains of Life oldest domain, organisms in the Kingdom Eubacteria 2. Archaea: includes organisms in the Kingdom Archaebacteria. 3. Eukarya: contains all four of the eukaryotic kingdoms: Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia.

Domains of Life

Classification Living things are organized into large groups called kingdoms based on the following characteristics: Cell Type: prokaryotes or eukaryotes Cell Walls: absence or presence Body Type: unicellular or multicellular Nutrition: Autotrophic (makes own food) or heterotrophic(must consume other organisms) Reproduction: Asexual or Sexual

The six kingdoms are: Eubacteria Archaebacteria Protista Fungi Plantae Animalia

Eubacteria All bacteria & prokaryotes Found almost everywhere (fresh water, salt water, land, inside organisms) All have cell wall (for protection) Some autotrophic, some heterotrophic Reproduce only asexually (by mitosis) Some decomposers (recycle nutrients)

Eubacteria -- Examples Decomposers Cyanobacteria (Produce oxygen) Pathogens (cause disease) Nitrogen-fixing bacteria Streptococcus

HUMAN DISEASES Caused by bacteria: Strep throat Meningitis Tuberculosis Tetanus Lyme disease Caused by viruses: Common cold Influenza AIDS Chicken pox Hepatitus B West Nile Virus

Archaebacteria All prokaryotes All unicellular All have cell wall Some autotrohic, some heterotrophic Reproduce only asexually (by mitosis) Live in ordinary and extreme environments (hot springs, salty lakes, no oxygen)

Archaebacteria - - - Examples Thermophiles – “heat loving” Methanogens (produce methane gas) Hot springs Live in the digestive tracts of animals Halophiles – “salt loving” Live in the thick mud of swamps Owens Salt Lake, CA

Protista All eukaryotes Some unicellular, some multicellular Some cell wall, some no cell wall Some autotrophic, some heterotrophic Reproduce asexually(mitosis) & sexually(meiosis)

Protista -- Examples Algae Amoeba Paramecium Seaweed

Fungi All eukaryotes All multicellular; except Yeast (unicellular) All have cell walls made of chitin All heterotrophic All decomposers Reproduce asexually & sexually(by spores)

Fungi reproduce asexually & sexually by spores

The cells of fungi consists of long filaments called hyphae.

Extra-Cellular Digestion Digestion outside the organism Hyphae absorb nutrients Hyphae secrete enzymes Digestion (enzymes breakdown “food”)

Fungi - Examples Puffballs Mushrooms Shelf fungi Jelly fungi Yeast

Some fungi are parasites:

Plantae All eukaryotes All multicellular (except green algae) Cell walls made of cellulose All autotrophic Reproduce sexually

Examples of Plants Green algae Ferns Mosses Pine trees Flowering plants

Animalia All eukaryotes All multicellular No cell wall All heterotrophic Reproduce sexually

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