Figure 2 Recommended simulation training pathway Figure 2 | Recommended simulation training pathway. The curriculum offers the systematic use of validated training tools and curricula at various stages. Human cadaveric simulation is suggested as masterclass workshops to refine skills. BOTOX, botulinum toxin; HoLEP, holmium laser enucleation of the prostate; OR, operating room; PCNL, percutaneous nephrolithotomy; PVP, photoselective vaporization of the prostate; SPC, suprapubic catheterization; TURP, transurethral resection of the prostate; UCS, urethrocystoscopy; URS, ureterorenoscopy; VR, virtual reality. Aydin, A. et al. (2016) Simulation-based training and assessment in urological surgery Nat. Rev. Urol. doi:10.1038/nrurol.2016.147