The complications of obesity according to the values of BMI and waist circumference in an obese population of Tangier Nadia HAMJANE 1, Fatiha BENYAHYA1,2,

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The complications of obesity according to the values of BMI and waist circumference in an obese population of Tangier Nadia HAMJANE 1, Fatiha BENYAHYA1,2, Mohcine.BENNANI1, Naima GHAILANINOUROUTI1 , Amina BARAKAT1 1: Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics Abdelmalek Essaadi University Tangier, Morocco 2: Pasteur Institute Tangier,Morocco Background: Obesity is a chronic disease accountable for the development of numerous chronic complications. Objectives: The aim of this work is to study obesity and its associated complications among obese patient in Tangier. Methods: The proposed study included 470 obese patients. The collection of data related to the anthropometric, biological and clinical parameters of each patient were done through a questionnaire. The results of the biological analysis were collected from the patient medical record. Clinical and biochemical data are presented as arithmetic mean standard deviation. Statistical analyses were performed using Epi Info version 3.5.1.

Classes and types of Obesity Results 1. Anthropometric parameters and biochemical data of the study population Classes and types of Obesity T (%) W (%) M (%) Overweight (25 ≤ BMI <30) 22 23.6 17.9 Class I obesity (30 ≤ BMI <35) 36 34.7 39.3 Class II obesity (35 ≤ BMI <40) 25 22.2 28.6 Class III obesity (BMI  40) 17 19.5 10.7 Abdominal type obesity (Men WC > 102 cm,Women WC > 88 cm) 96 94.5 100 Gynoid type obesity 4 5.5 Parameters mean SD fasting blood glucose (g/l) 2.23 1.00 Hb1Ac (%) 8.56 2.35 Triglycerides (g/l) 2.20 0.85 Total cholesterol (g/l) 2.30 0.72 HDLc (g/l) 0.46 0.21 LDLc (g/l) 1.82 0.89 CRP(mg/l) 17.2 11.34 Tableau 2: Summary table of biochemical data of subjects CRP, C-reactive protein; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; Hb1Ac,glycated hemoglobin; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; SD, standard deviation; TCH, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceridemia. Table 1: Anthropometric Characteristics of the study Population BMI: body mass index, M: men, T: total population, W: women, WC: waist circumference

2. Complications of obesity in the studied population Results 2. Complications of obesity in the studied population The metabolic complications of the obesity appear at the onset of overweight and their frequency increases with the classes of the obesity by becoming more marked considerably with the obesity class III (p<0.05) (figure 1) Also, its shows that the metabolic complications are significantly related to abdominal obesity (according the values of waist circumference) mainly type 2 diabetes and dyslipidemia Figure 1: Distribution of the metabolic complications according to the classes of obesity (values of BMI).

2. Complications of obesity in the studied population Results 2. Complications of obesity in the studied population The distribution of obese patients by age group has shown that the risk of CVD increases with age especially for the age group 55-65 years (Figure 2), in addition to statistical analysis revealed that there is a significant relationship between obesity and age (p₌0,01). Figure 2: The distribution of obese patients by age group

conclusion Obesity exposes to several chronic complications, the most important in our study are type 2 diabetes and dyslipidemia, these complications increase with abdominal obesity and with different classes of obesity. Targeting sedentarity and with lifestyle changes is the main solution for the prevention and treatment of obesity and its complications.