Progesterone stimulates cardiac muscle protein synthesis via receptor-dependent pathway  Jerald Goldstein, M.D., Cynthia K Sites, M.D., Michael J Toth, Ph.D.  Fertility and Sterility  Volume 82, Issue 2, Pages 430-436 (August 2004) DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2004.03.018

Figure 1 Effect of ovarian hormones on cardiac protein fractional synthesis rate (FSR) as assessed by a flooding dose of [ring-13C6]phenylalanine. Values are mean ± SE. *P<.01, OVX+P > all groups. Sample sizes are provided in the Materials and Methods section. Goldstein. Progesterone and cardiac protein synthesis. Fertil Steril 2004. Fertility and Sterility 2004 82, 430-436DOI: (10.1016/j.fertnstert.2004.03.018)

Figure 2 Effect of ovarian hormones on absolute (grams; top) and relative heart mass (milligrams per gram; middle) and body mass (grams; bottom). Relative heart mass (milligrams per gram) was calculated by dividing heart mass (milligram) by body mass (grams). Sample sizes per group = 4. Values are mean ± SE. a, P<.05 less than all other groups except OVX+E2+P; b, P<.05 less than OVX+P+RU 486; c, P<.05 less than all other groups except OVX+P; d, P<.05 greater than all groups; e, P<.05 less than OVX; f, P<.05 greater than OVX+E2+P and less than all other groups. Goldstein. Progesterone and cardiac protein synthesis. Fertil Steril 2004. Fertility and Sterility 2004 82, 430-436DOI: (10.1016/j.fertnstert.2004.03.018)

Figure 3 Progesterone and E receptors in cardiac tissue homogenates as assessed by Western blot. (A) Progesterone receptor (PR-B, ∼120 kDa). (B) Estrogen receptor (ER-α, ∼67 kDa). All lanes were loaded with 150 μg of protein. Goldstein. Progesterone and cardiac protein synthesis. Fertil Steril 2004. Fertility and Sterility 2004 82, 430-436DOI: (10.1016/j.fertnstert.2004.03.018)

Figure 4 Effect of P on plasma volume (A), hematocrit (B), and blood volume (C), as determined by Evan's blue dye dilution technique. Blood volume was calculated from plasma volume and hematocrit data, as described by Wang (21). Values are mean ± SE. *P<.05, significantly different from S. Goldstein. Progesterone and cardiac protein synthesis. Fertil Steril 2004. Fertility and Sterility 2004 82, 430-436DOI: (10.1016/j.fertnstert.2004.03.018)