Overview of US EPA & State Manure Management Regulations Section 1.7: Example State Manure Management Regulations & Nutrient Management Plan Requirements Adapted CNMP Core Curriculum Speaker Notes: Instructors should thoroughly read the example CNMP to prepare for this presentation. The presentation is primarily a pictorial tour of the farm. Required Course Materials: Example Core Curriculum CNMP Supplemental Resources: Suggested Learning Exercise: Presented by: Roberto Maisonnave, Ag Engineer & M. Sc. International Environmental Consultant robermaison@hotmail.com www.ambientagro.com

State Regulations EPA defines minimum requirements Each State can also set additional requirements EPA run permitting program for CAFO’s in non delegated States (Oklahoma until December, 2012) Kansas, Colorado and recently Oklahoma are delegated: run their permitting program May add picture of dead feedlot steer in the road versus swine effluent spill in hennessey road

State Regulations cont’d State’s topography, water bodies and cultural heritage are important in the regulatory process Feed yard mortality on county road vs. swine mortality in closed bin

State Regulations Comparison

Colorado Permitting CO Discharge Permit System CAFO General Permit Swine: HCSFO* require Individual Waste Management Plans (SWMP) *Housed Commercial Swine Feeding Operations

Colorado SWMP Effluent & Soil Samples AWMS Treatment Efficiency: Swine Waste Management Plan (SWMP) Nutrient Management Plan Effluent Land Application Protocol Effluent & Soil Samples AWMS Treatment Efficiency: Minimum TVS reduction of 60% between barn pit and anaerobic lagoon Minimum of 2% D.O. on aerobic lagoon surface Air Quality Quarterly: property line using Scentometer Semi-annually: lagoon surface using Olfactometry Land App Protocol: N&P Risk Assessment Tool Leaching & Runoff Potential Landapp: N-based, P-based or Prohibited Crop Growth Stage specific nutrient budget calculations Crop Yields: inusrance or 5 year county avg Effluent sample no older than 90 days Soil Samples based on soil texture: sandy soils up to 3 meters, hard soils only 2.4 m Crop determines soil sampling timing

Kansas EPA Delegated NPDES Permit Swine CAFO’s Waste Management Plan: mortality management, runoff control, nuisance conditions control (flies, odors, dust), land available for solid & liquid disposal Nutrient Management Plan If > 1.000 A.U. Nutrient Utilization Plan

Kansas cont’d NMP Nutrient Utilization Plan (NUP) Effluent Land Application Protocol Agronomic Rates: N-based, P-based, 1.5 x P Crop Removal, 1 x P Crop Removal, None Conservation planning: setbacks, buffers, etc Nutrient Utilization Plan (NUP) 5-year crop rotation plan that models the Nitrogen and Phosphorus dynamics in the soil To be updated annually

Oklahoma Pollution Prevention Plan (PPP) prior to CAFO License Application PPP to include Documentation of operating BMPs Swine Waste Management Plan CNMP per NRCS guidance NMP per EPA guidance Carcass Disposal Plan (normal & emergency) Odor Abatement Plan Pest Management Plan

Oklahoma cont’d Swine CAFO: Licensed Management Feeding Operations (LMFO) license No Treatment Efficiency levels No Air Quality regulations Nitrogen based app unless located in VGA Enforced Education for Swine Farm Operators and Employees: 9 hours Class + 3 hour annual recap AWMS: must have Leak Detection System or Monitoring Wells VGA: Vulnerable Groundwater Area

Developing a CNMP Manure & Wastewater Handling & Storage Land Treatment Practices Nutrient Management Record Keeping Feed Management Other Utilization Activities Speaker Notes: The 6 main components of a CNMP are listed on the slide. Required Course Materials: Example Core Curriculum CNMP Supplemental Resources: Suggested Learning Exercise:

Manure & Wastewater Handling and Storage This element addresses the components and activities associated with the production facility, feedlot, manure and wastewater storage and treatment structures and areas, and any areas or mechanisms used to facilitate transfer of manure and wastewater. Speaker Notes: The text provided on each of theses slides describes the main requirements for each of the sections of a CNMP. This text comes from the Technical Guidance for CNMP in the National Planning Procedures Handbook, Part 600.54. Required Course Materials: Example Core Curriculum CNMP Supplemental Resources: Suggested Learning Exercise:

Nutrient Management This element addresses the requirements for land application of all nutrients and organic by-products (e.g., animal manure, commercial fertilizers, crop residues, legume credits, and irrigation water) that must be evaluated and documented for each Conservation Management Unit. Speaker Notes: The text provided on each of theses slides describes the main requirements for each of the sections of a CNMP. This text comes from the Technical Guidance for CNMP in the National Planning Procedures Handbook, Part 600.54. Required Course Materials: Example Core Curriculum CNMP Supplemental Resources: Suggested Learning Exercise:

Land Treatment Practices This element addresses the land on which manure and wastewater from an animal feeding operations will be applied. Skill in applying soil loss prediction tools (RUSLE 2) is required. Speaker Notes: The text provided on each of theses slides describes the main requirements for each of the sections of a CNMP. This text comes from the Technical Guidance for CNMP in the National Planning Procedures Handbook, Part 600.54. Required Course Materials: Example Core Curriculum CNMP Supplemental Resources: Suggested Learning Exercise:

Record Keeping AFO owners/operators must document and demonstrate implementation activities associated with their CNMPs. It is the responsibility of AFO owners and/or operators to maintain records that document the implementation and management of CNMPs. Speaker Notes: The text provided on each of theses slides describes the main requirements for each of the sections of a CNMP. This text comes from the Technical Guidance for CNMP in the National Planning Procedures Handbook, Part 600.54. Required Course Materials: Example Core Curriculum CNMP Supplemental Resources: Suggested Learning Exercise:

Feed Management Feed management activities may be used to reduce the nutrient content of manure at the farm. Feed management activities may be dealt with as a planning consideration and not as a requirement that addresses specific criteria; however, AFO owners/operators are encouraged to incorporate feed management as part of their nutrient management strategy.  Speaker Notes: The text provided on each of theses slides describes the main requirements for each of the sections of a CNMP. This text comes from the Technical Guidance for CNMP in the National Planning Procedures Handbook, Part 600.54. Required Course Materials: Example Core Curriculum CNMP Supplemental Resources: Suggested Learning Exercise:

Other Utilization Options Other Utilization Options at present has limited NRCS conservation practice standards associated with its development and implementation. This elements is a consideration in the planning process and does not require NRCS element certification. Speaker Notes: The text provided on each of theses slides describes the main requirements for each of the sections of a CNMP. This text comes from the Technical Guidance for CNMP in the National Planning Procedures Handbook, Part 600.54. Required Course Materials: Example Core Curriculum CNMP Supplemental Resources: Suggested Learning Exercise:

Additional Considerations Additional considerations associated with CNMP development and implementation should be addressed. However, NRCS does not have specific required technical criteria for these considerations for CNMPs. These considerations are:  Speaker Notes: The text provided on each of theses slides describes the main requirements for each of the sections of a CNMP. This text comes from the Technical Guidance for CNMP in the National Planning Procedures Handbook, Part 600.54. Required Course Materials: Example Core Curriculum CNMP Supplemental Resources: Suggested Learning Exercise: Air Quality Pathogens Salt and Heavy Metals

Air Quality AFO operators/owners should consider the impact of selected conservation practices on air quality during the CNMP development process. Air quality on land application sites may be impaired by excessive dust, gaseous emissions, and odors. Poor air quality may affect the health of workers, as well as animals and persons living in the surrounding areas. Ammonia emissions from animal operations may be deposited to surface waters, increasing the nutrient load. Soil incorporation of manure and organic by-products on land application sites can reduce gaseous emissions. Speaker Notes: The text provided on each of theses slides describes the main requirements for each of the sections of a CNMP. This text comes from the Technical Guidance for CNMP in the National Planning Procedures Handbook, Part 600.54. Required Course Materials: Example Core Curriculum CNMP Supplemental Resources: Suggested Learning Exercise:

Pathogens AFO operators/owners should consider the impact of selected conservation practices on pathogen control during the CNMP development process. Pathogenic organisms occur naturally in animal waste. Exposure to some pathogens can cause illness in humans and animals, especially for immune-deficient populations. Many of the same conservation practices used to prevent nutrient movement from animal operations, such as leaching, runoff and erosion control, are likely to prevent the movement of pathogens. Speaker Notes: The text provided on each of theses slides describes the main requirements for each of the sections of a CNMP. This text comes from the Technical Guidance for CNMP in the National Planning Procedures Handbook, Part 600.54. Required Course Materials: Example Core Curriculum CNMP Supplemental Resources: Suggested Learning Exercise:

Salt & Heavy Metals Build up of salt and heavy metals (i.e., arsenic, selenium, cadmium, molybdenum, zinc) in soils can create a potential for human and animal health problems and threaten soil productivity and crop marketability. Federal and State regulations do not address the heavy metal content associated with agricultural by-products. In developing a CNMP , the build-up of salt and heavy metals should be tracked through soil testing. Speaker Notes: The text provided on each of theses slides describes the main requirements for each of the sections of a CNMP. This text comes from the Technical Guidance for CNMP in the National Planning Procedures Handbook, Part 600.54. Required Course Materials: Example Core Curriculum CNMP Supplemental Resources: Suggested Learning Exercise: