Post-conditioning by a short administration of desflurane reduced renal reperfusion injury after differing of ischaemia times in rats D. Obal, K. Rascher,

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Post-conditioning by a short administration of desflurane reduced renal reperfusion injury after differing of ischaemia times in rats D. Obal, K. Rascher, C. Favoccia, S. Dettwiler, W. Schlack British Journal of Anaesthesia Volume 97, Issue 6, Pages 783-791 (December 2006) DOI: 10.1093/bja/ael245 Copyright © 2006 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions

Fig 1 Schematic overview of experimental protocol. 14 days=14 days of recovery after right-sided nephrectomy; black bars=30 or 45 min of ischaemia; 15=15 min without or with desflurane; arrows=time points at which blood or urine sample or both were analysed. British Journal of Anaesthesia 2006 97, 783-791DOI: (10.1093/bja/ael245) Copyright © 2006 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions

Fig 2 Time course of cystatin C after 30 (a) and 45 min (b) of renal ischaemia. Mean values and sd, areas under the curve (AUC). The AUC for the DES45 group was significantly smaller than that for the CON45 group. British Journal of Anaesthesia 2006 97, 783-791DOI: (10.1093/bja/ael245) Copyright © 2006 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions

Fig 3 Fractional sodium excretion (FENa), mean values and sd, areas under the curve (AUC). The AUC for the DES45 group was significantly smaller than that for the CON45 group. British Journal of Anaesthesia 2006 97, 783-791DOI: (10.1093/bja/ael245) Copyright © 2006 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions

Fig 4 Creatinine clearance (ClCr), mean values and sd, areas under the curve (AUC). The AUC for the DES30 group was significantly greater than that for the CON30 group. British Journal of Anaesthesia 2006 97, 783-791DOI: (10.1093/bja/ael245) Copyright © 2006 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions

Fig 5 Details of the outer medulla. (a, c, e) Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) reaction; bar 50 μm; (b, d, f) ED1 immunostaining, cortex towards upper edge of micrographs; bar 50 μm. Sham operated: (a) Brush borders (B) and cells of proximal tubules are intact; distal tubules (D). (b) ED1-positive cells (arrows) are rare and found only in the interstitial spaces or in vessels. Level 1 injury: (c) Most brush borders (B) are detached and float in the tubule lumen; distal tubules (D). (d) ED1-positive cells (arrows) are scattered in interstitial spaces but rarely within tubules. Level 4 injury: (e) Dense casts of cell debris clog distended proximal tubules; some casts also contain nuclear material, nuclei, or both (B). (f) Densely clustered ED1-positive cells within and surrounding some tubules (asterisk); others have no marked cells. British Journal of Anaesthesia 2006 97, 783-791DOI: (10.1093/bja/ael245) Copyright © 2006 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions

Fig 6 Levels of cell injury. The differences between the control and the desflurane group were significant for the 30 min period of ischaemia. Bars represent median value and range, *P<0.05. British Journal of Anaesthesia 2006 97, 783-791DOI: (10.1093/bja/ael245) Copyright © 2006 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions