In vitro differences between smooth muscle cells derived from varicose veins and normal veins Ying Xiao, PhD, Zhibin Huang, MD, Henghui Yin, PhD, Ying.

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In vitro differences between smooth muscle cells derived from varicose veins and normal veins Ying Xiao, PhD, Zhibin Huang, MD, Henghui Yin, PhD, Ying Lin, PhD, Shenming Wang, PhD Journal of Vascular Surgery Volume 50, Issue 5, Pages 1149-1154 (November 2009) DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2009.06.048 Copyright © 2009 Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig 1 A, Cell proliferation was significantly higher (days 4 to 8) in smooth muscle cells (SMCs) derived from varicose veins. During days 7 to 8, cell numbers were 1.8-fold that of SMCs derived from normal veins. B, [3H]-thymidine incorporation in SMCs derived from varicose veins was nearly twofold that of SMCs derived from normal veins. The error bars show the standard deviation. *P < .01. Journal of Vascular Surgery 2009 50, 1149-1154DOI: (10.1016/j.jvs.2009.06.048) Copyright © 2009 Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig 2 Representative result of wound healing assay shows a significantly higher migration in smooth muscle cells (SMCs) derived from varicose veins. The bar graph shows migration of SMCs derived from varicose veins was twofold higher than that of SMCs derived from normal veins. The error bars show the standard deviation. *P < .001. Journal of Vascular Surgery 2009 50, 1149-1154DOI: (10.1016/j.jvs.2009.06.048) Copyright © 2009 Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig 3 Expression of smooth muscle cell (SMC) phenotype-dependent markers in SMCs derived from normal veins and varicose veins. SMCs of the same passage were used for proteins extraction. Western blotting analysis of an equal amount of sample proteins showed decreased expression of α-actin, smoothelin, and smooth muscle myosin heavy chain (SM-MHC) in SMCs derived from varicose veins, which indicate a dedifferentiated phenotype alteration. Bar graphs indicate the relative ratios of the band intensity of detected proteins normalized to β-actin levels as loading control. *P < .01. The graphs are representative of three independent experiments. The results are means ± standard deviation (error bars). Journal of Vascular Surgery 2009 50, 1149-1154DOI: (10.1016/j.jvs.2009.06.048) Copyright © 2009 Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig 4 Collagen synthesis was significantly higher in smooth muscle cells (SMCs) derived from varicose veins both in the (A) cell layer and in the (B) media. *P < .001 compared with SMCs derived from normal veins. The error bars indicate the standard deviation. Journal of Vascular Surgery 2009 50, 1149-1154DOI: (10.1016/j.jvs.2009.06.048) Copyright © 2009 Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig 5 A, Representative Western blot for matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) production shows MMP-2 production was significantly higher in SMCs derived from varicose veins than in SMCs derived from normal veins. B, The relative ratios of the band intensity of detected proteins normalized to β-actin are shown with the standard deviation (error bars). *P < .05. Journal of Vascular Surgery 2009 50, 1149-1154DOI: (10.1016/j.jvs.2009.06.048) Copyright © 2009 Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions