Costimulatory and Coinhibitory Receptor Pathways in Infectious Disease John Attanasio, E. John Wherry  Immunity  Volume 44, Issue 5, Pages 1052-1068 (May 2016) DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2016.04.022 Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Differentiation Pathway for Development of Tex Cells Virus-specific CD8+ T cells expand following infection or antigen stimulation and give rise to a population of Teff cells that contains both memory precursors and terminally differentiated Teff cells. These two Teff cell subsets can be distinguished by various cell surface markers, including KLRG1 and CD127. If infection is cleared, then the memory precursor subset gives rise to Tmem cells as antigen and inflammation resolve. In contrast, during chronic infections, this same memory precursor subset instead gives rise to Tex cells in the presence of chronic exposure to antigen and inflammation. The severity of exhaustion is related to the severity of infection and correlates with co-expression patterns of inhibitory receptors, transcription factors, and other cell surface markers. Immunity 2016 44, 1052-1068DOI: (10.1016/j.immuni.2016.04.022) Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions