BRIFF 7 MUNUD Radicaleiddio Ar-lein On-Line Radicalisation 7 MINUTE BRIEFING

1. BETH YDYW? 1. WHAT IS IT? Mae Radicaleiddio ar-lein yn cyfeirio at broses lle caiff unigolion eu paratoi drwy’r amgylchedd ar-lein i gefnogi terfysgaeth neu ideoleg eithafol. Mae’n bwysig ystyried eithafiaeth yng nghyd destun y sbectrwm ehangach a allai gynnwys eithafiaeth dde eithafol, amgylcheddol, Islamaidd neu hawliau anifeiliaid Gall deunyddiau ar-lein a ddefnyddir yn y broses gynnwys erthyglau, delweddau, anerchiadau neu fideos sy’n hyrwyddo terfysgaeth neu’n annog trais.

2. BETH YDYW? 2. WHAT IS IT? Young people/ Vulnerable Adults may potentially be vulnerable to online radicalisation through their affinity for the online environment and social media when considered alongside The ability to question the veracity of information may be less developed, particularly if it has come from someone in a position of perceived knowledge or authority Gall pobl ifanc/oedolion diamddiffyn o bosibl fod yn agored i radicaleiddio ar-lein drwy eu hoffter o’r amgylchedd ar-lein a’r cyfryngau cymdeithasol Gall y gallu i gwestiynu dilysrwydd gwybodaeth fod yn llai datblygedig, yn enwedig os daeth y wybodaeth gan rywun sy’n cael eu hystyried yn wybodus neu’n awdurdodol

3. BETH YDYW? 3. WHAT IS IT? Bydd mudiadau eithafol yn aml yn gwneud defnydd sylweddol o gyfleusterau’r amgylchedd ar- lein. Mae’r cyfryngau cymdeithasol yn benodol yn caniatáu i’r fath fudiadau ymgysylltu â’u cynulleidfaoedd targed (yn cynnwys pobl ifanc/oedolion diamddiffyn) ar raddfa eang, heb fawr ddim traul ariannol nac arbenigedd. Extremist organisations will often make significant use of the facilities the online environment offers. Social media in particular allows such organisations to engage with their target audiences (including young people/ Vulnerable Adults) on a widespread scale, requiring relatively little cost or expertise.

4. Beth i gadw llygad 4. What to look for amdano Newidiadau mewn ymddygiad, er enghraifft mynd yn fwy a mwy dadleuol Ceisio cuddio neu’n amharod i drafod yr hyn y maen nhw’n ei wneud ar-lein Gwrthod gwrando ar wahanol safbwyntiau, treulio mwy a mwy o amser ar-lein neu ar eu ffôn. Pellhau eu hunain oddi wrth eu ffrindiau a bod a mwy nag un hunaniaeth ar-lein Changes in behaviour such as becoming increasingly argumentative, Being secretive about or reluctant to discuss their online activity, Refusing to listen to different points of view, spending increasing amounts of time online or on their phone, Distancing themselves from previous friends or having more than one online identity

5. Beth i gadw llygad 4. What to look for amdano Gall pobl ifanc/oedolion diamddiffyn gael eu dylanwadu arnynt gan ffactorau ar-lein perthnasol gan gynnwys effaith ‘swigod hidlo’ neu ‘siambrau atsain ar-lein’ lle gall llwyfannau cyfryngau cymdeithasol atgyfnerthu safbwynt drwy naratif wyrgam neu farn unochrog am bwnc Young people/ Vulnerable Adults may be influenced by related online factors which may include the impact of ‘filter-bubbles’ or ‘online echo-chambers’ where social media platforms can serve to reinforce a viewpoint through a distorted narrative or one-sided- view of a topic

6. 6. What to do? Peidiwch â gadael i’r dechnoleg eich rhwystro (mae radicaleiddio ar lein yn baratoi) a dilynwch weithdrefnau diogelu eich sefydliad. Gweithredwch mewn dull cymesur a thrafodwch eich pryderon gyda’ch swyddog diogelu arweiniol a allai wneud atgyfeiriad i’r rhaglen Channel. Gellir riportio deunyddiau ar-lein drwy lwyfannau Cyfryngau Cymdeithasol neu drwy gyfleuster riportio dynodedig y Swyddfa Gartref. Do not be put off by the technology (online radicalisation is grooming) and follow your organisation’s safeguarding procedures. Act proportionately and discuss your concerns with your Safeguarding lead who may make a referral to the Channel programme. Reporting online material can be done through Social Media platforms or via the dedicated Home Office reporting facility

7. Materion Allweddol 7. Key Issues Ydi gweithdrefnau diogelu fy sefydliad yn cynnwys radicaleiddio a sut i ddelio gyda digwyddiad? Oes gan fy sefydliad broses gadarn, unigolyn-ganolog o ddelio â digwyddiad? Oes gan fy sefydliad fesurau yn eu lle i atal plant/pobl ifanc ac oedolion diamddiffyn rhag cael mynediad at gynnwys eithafol ar-lein Do my organisation’s safeguarding procedures include radicalisation and how to deal with an incident? Does my organisation have a robust and effective person- centred process to deal with an incident? Does my organisation have measures to prevent access to extremist online content by Children/Young People and Vulnerable Adults