PLUG-IN ELECTRIC VEHICLES ARE COMING… IS YOUR UTILITY READY? Britta Gross Director, Global Energy Systems and Infrastructure Commercialization

Increasing Electrification

Extended-Range Electric Vehicle Chevrolet Volt

BATTERY Electric DriveDriving (Gasoline or E85) EXTENDED RANGE HUNDREDS of miles miles 40 Up to

Pre-Production Volt: Engineering Test Drive – 13 Oct 2009

Charging and Infrastructure

GM/EPRI Utility Collaboration Includes more than 50 Utilities… many the industrys thought- leaders in electric transportation and grid interaction Sacramento Municipal UD San Diego Gas & Electric PacifiCorp Tri-State G&T Hydro-Québec Arkansas Electric Coop Dairyland Power Consumers Energy Hoosier Southern Company EnWin NYPA Central Hudson G&E PSEG Exelon CPS Energy BC Hydro Southern California Edison Hawaiian Electric Co. Great Plains Energy FirstEnergy Constellation Energy Progress Energy Northeast Utilities NY ISO PJM Seattle City Light Salt River Project Austin Energy Great River Energy DTE ConEd EUROPE Iberdrola, S.A. Hydro One Pepco Holdings, Inc. Tennessee Valley Authority Portland General Electric Snohomish County PUD No. 1 Nebraska Public Power Dist. We Energies AEP Duke Energy Ameren Services Hetch Hetchy Water and Power Rochester G&E LIPA Pacific Gas & Electric Golden Valley Electric Assn. Manitoba Hydro CenterPoint Energy Lincoln Electric Dominion Resources United Illuminating Avista Corp. Madison G&E Arizona Public Service

Six Things We Need to Get Right Market analysis Technical features Customer experience Public education Public policy Advanced features and new opportunities

Charging Power Levels 120V (1.2 kW) charging –Plugs into standard household outlet –Full charge in about eight hours (temperature dependent) –No additional equipment or installation (?) –Charge cord standard with the vehicle in NA 240V (3.3 kW) charging –Full charge in about three hours –Efficient and enables more opportunity to drive electrically –Will usually require a one-time investment to upgrade garage with dedicated 240V circuit Charger and control logic onboard the vehicle Designed for global voltages 120V Cordset 240V Charge Station

Where Are the Cars? Source of Data National Household Travel Survey ; GM Data Analysis (Tate/Savagian) - SAE paper

Home Charging can be a real satisfier for consumers, but there is a lot of potential variability that we have to help manage… Garages can be filled with junk and need to be rearranged to make room for the charger Some garages already have washers/ dryers or refrigerators that operate on 220V lines but making room for additional line a challenge Locating charger on right or front of vehicle works better for some. But garage clutter is still an issue

How close is the nearest 120 V outlet?CARFL 0-20 ft61%87% 20+ ft39%13% Is 120V outlet a dedicated circuit?CARFL Yes2%8% No98%92% What is the estimated cost to add the required circuit? (not including EVSE, panel upgrade or meter)? CARFL $100-$25040%46% $250-$50047%45% $500-$75012%5% $750+2%4% Does existing premise allow for the installation of a 120 V 15 A dedicated circuit?CARFL Yes86%81% No14%19% Progress Energy Home Survey: Carolinas (2,100) and Florida (3,400) Addl Costs: Panel upgrade ~$1,000 EVSE ~$300-1,000 Meter/submeter?

Is there an accessible dedicated 240 V/30 A (min) outlet within 25 ft of where the vehicle is parked?CARFL Yes5%41% No95%59% What is the estimated cost to add the required circuit? (not including EVSE, panel upgrade or meter) CARFL $100-$25010%35% $250-$50060%52% $500-$75019%8% $750+12%6% Does the existing premise allow for the installation of a 240 V/30 A dedicated circuit?CARFL Yes85%80% No15%20% Progress Energy Home Survey: Carolinas (2,100) and Florida (3,400) Addl Costs: Panel upgrade ~$1,000 EVSE ~$300-1,000 Meter/submeter?

2008 Gasoline vs. Electricity Prices Average Gasoline Price$3.25/Gallon and Electricity 11.36¢/KwHr $3.23/17.57¢ $3.21/ 17.50¢ $3.30/ 15.96¢ $3.20/ 15.69¢ $3.30/ 14.62¢ $3.42/19.36¢ $3.11/15.95¢ $3.46/ 18.79¢ $3.26/ 11.39¢ $3.36/ 11.07¢ $3.24/ 8.93¢ $3.18/ 10.13¢ $3.27/ 10.93¢ $3.26/ 11.60¢ $3.15/ 9.72¢ $3.12/8.98¢ $3.12/ 9.79¢ $3.04/ 8.03¢ $3.21/7.82¢ $3.24/7.48¢ $3.23/8.22¢ $3.17/13.91¢ $3.21/13.81¢ $3.28/11.67¢ $3.23/ 10.06¢ $3.35/12.68¢ $3.26/9.72¢ $3.12/ 9.99¢ $3.16/ 9.69¢ $3.34/ 7.03¢ $3.19/ 10.36¢ $3.20/7.97¢ $3.14/ 10.30¢ $3.15/8.81¢ $3.13/ 9.46¢ $3.19/ 10.36¢ $3.07/ 9.25¢ $3.13/12.92¢ $3.21/ 10.25¢ $3.21/10.15¢ $3.30/ 7.01¢ $3.27/9.14¢ $3.34/ 11.93¢ $3.24/10.02¢ $3.28/ 8.30¢ $3.18/8.18¢ $3.53/ 14.40¢ $3.36/8.52¢ $3.42/7.58¢ $3.75/16.35¢ $3.76/ 32.50¢ Source: Oil Price Information Service Source: Energy Information Administration

Top Priorities for Overall Utility Support: Consumer EV support (24/7 operator for EV charging questions) Residential infrastructure assistance Fast, convenient installation process that is affordable (i.e. satisfying) Utility handles entire home installation process OR Coordination between Utility (meter) and 3 rd party installer (EVSE) Outreach and leadership in readying regions for plug-in vehicles Key stakeholder outreach City/regional initiative to put enablers in place Consumer education Compelling consumer EV rates and easy sign-up process Inform customers of best options, preferred rates, green options Policy assistance (e.g. eased permitting, building codes, incentives) Expanded fleet purchases Home InspectionEVSE InstallationMeter InstallationPermit/InspectionRate Signup

Plug-in Ready Communities Dedicated project leader State, city, county Clean Cities Orgs/AQMD DOT Utilities (municipal and regional) Regulators/public utility commissions Permitting and code officials Local employers Local universities Required Stakeholders

Plug-in Ready Communities Dedicated project leader State, city, county Clean Cities Orgs/AQMD DOT Utilities (municipal and regional) Regulators/public utility commissions Permitting and code officials Local employers Local universities Desired Enablers Government Fleet Purchases Building Codes to Include Home Charging Enablers Green/Renewable Charging Options Vehicle Purchase Incentives Low Off-Peak Charging Rates (e.g. to encourage nighttime charging) Game Plan Infrastructure/Incentives/Educational Outreach Charging Installation Incentives (Home, Work, Public) HOV Lane Access Free Charging Free Parking Required Stakeholders

Whats the Right Balance Between… Being Prepared and Being Positive? Overly ConcernedNot Concerned Enough Grid cant handle PEVsGrid can handle millions of PEVs and utilities can easily keep up with PEV loads Electricity will come from coal Electricity is always cleaner than gasoline Home charging/installation is fraught with problems that will dissatisfy consumers Its easy – find a normal household outlet and plug it in Theres a real infrastructure challenge and we need to install lots of public charging Just charge it at home – as it was intended Volt will be too expensiveVolt will fly out of dealer showrooms