The Role of Government in the Economy
Role of Government: Providing Public Goods Private Goods: must be purchased to be consumed; can’t be consumed by anyone else Items we buy & replace Ex: clothes; food; haircuts; auto care; insurance; etc.
Role of Government: Providing Public Goods Private Goods: must be purchased to be consumed; can’t be consumed by anyone else Items we buy & replace Ex: clothes; food; haircuts; auto care; insurance; etc.
Public goods: multiple people can consume; doesn’t matter if you pay Gov’t provides them: hard to charge for public goods Ex: public parks; public libraries; museums; highways; street lighting
Maintaining Competition Monopoly: sole provider of good/service When there is no competition, monopoly charges any price it wants Gov’t tries to encourage competition via anti-trust laws: laws to control monopoly power & promote competition 1890: Sherman Antitrust Act 1914: Clayton Act
Mergers Merger: combination of 2+ companies to form a single business Depending on the companies, gov’t might step in to prevent it
Regulating Market Activities 1. Natural monopolies: cost of production lessened by having single firm produce product Firm agrees to gov’t regulation in return for having market all to itself
2. Advertising & Product Labels Can’t lie about product Can’t lie about contents (allergies) FDA, FTC
3. Product Safety Recall: company pulls product off market/ agrees to change it to make it safe
Role of government in poverty guidelines/ programs Food stamps, SNAP (Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program) WIC (Women, Infants, and Children): help w/ nutrition, health care (kids up to 5) Other programs like income assistance (elderly, blind/ disabled), Workfare (work for welfare benefits), progressive income tax, etc.