Non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi)-stimulated cytokine production. Non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi)-stimulated cytokine production. Peripheral.

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Non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi)-stimulated cytokine production. Non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi)-stimulated cytokine production. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy control children (n=17), children with protracted bacterial bronchitis (PBB) (n=19) and children with bronchiectasis (BE) (n=20) were cultured ex vivo in the presence of NTHi. Supernatant was collected at 24 h for the innate response cytokines (interleukin (IL)-1β, interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra), IL-18 and IL-6) and at 72 h for the adaptive response cytokines (interferon (IFN)-γ and IL-10). a) IL-1β concentration. b) IL-1Ra concentration. c) IL-18 concentration. d) IL-6 concentration. e) IFN-γ concentration. f) IL-10 concentration. Box and whisker plots display median, interquartile ranges and range. **: p<0.01 by Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank test; ***: p<0.001 by Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank test. Alice C-H. Chen et al. ERJ Open Res 2017;3:00025-2017 ©2017 by European Respiratory Society